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MLSCI 250 > LAB - Circulatory & Respiratory System > Flashcards

LAB - Circulatory & Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

three common layers of the circulatory system

A
  • tunica intima
  • tunica media
  • tunica adventitia
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2
Q

three layers of the heart

A

same but…

  • endocardium
  • myocardium
  • epicardium
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3
Q

blood vessels arrangement

A

arteries have a smaller lumen and thicker walls than veins

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4
Q

what is the respiratory system composed of?

A

trachea, bronchial tree, respiratory tract

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5
Q

three main types of vessels in the arterial system

A
  • elastic arteries: such as the aorta and pulmonary arteries
  • muscular arteries: main branches that distribute oxygenated blood
  • arterioles: terminal branches that supply capillary beds
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6
Q

two divisions of the respiratory system

A
  • conduction = from nose to terminal bronchioles

- respiratory = gas exchange; respiratory bronchioles to alveoli

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7
Q

this joins the free ends of the C cartilage rings of the trachea together

A

trachealis muscle (smooth)

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8
Q

Two alveolar cell types

A
  • type I: flat cells gas exchange occurs here

- type II: cuboidal shaped cells, secrete surfactant and can form type I cells

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9
Q

T or F. Arteries have slower blood flow than veins

A

F, veins have slower blood flow

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10
Q

Which blood vessel has a more well developed tunica media?

A

arteries

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11
Q

tunica intima of arterioles

A
  • little Ct

- thin internal elastic lamina

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12
Q

tunica media of arterioles

A

smooth muscle cells in 1-6 concentric layers

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13
Q

tunica adventitia of arterioles

A
  • thin

- no external elastic lamina or not well defined

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14
Q

muscular arteries (small/med) tunica intima

A
  • thicker subendothelium

- prominent internal elastic lamina

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15
Q

muscular arteries tunica media

A
  • up to 4 layers ofs mooth muscle
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16
Q

muscular arteries tunicaa adventitia

A

merges with surrounding connective tissue

17
Q

large arteries

A

elastic

18
Q

elastic arteries tunica intima

A
  • flattened endothelial cells supported by thin layer of CT (collagen) w/ few elastic fibers
  • thicker than muscular arteries
19
Q

elastic arteries tunica media

A
  • broad, with fenestrated sheets of elastin separated by CT

- few smooth muscle fibers

20
Q

elastic arteries tunica adventitia

A
  • collagen, elastic fibres, adipocytes

- diffuse external elastic lamina

21
Q

small veins tunica intima

A
  • no elastin fibres
  • poorly developed internal elastic lamina
  • thin subendothelium
22
Q

small veins tunica media

A
  • 1-2 layers of smooth muscles

- thin

23
Q

tunica adventitia of small veins

A

underdeveloped

24
Q

large veins tunica intima

A

indistinct internal elastic lamina

25
Q

large vein tunica media

A

several layers of smooth muscle

26
Q

large vein tunica adventitia

A
  • longitudinally arranged collagen

- continuous with surrounding CT

27
Q

continuous capillaries

A

complete linings of endothelial cells

- muscle

28
Q

fenestrated capillaries

A

endothelial cells with pores or perforations

- kidneys

29
Q

sinusoidal capillaries

A

have large pores and lack a basal lamina

- spleen

30
Q

anastomosing

A

branching (cardiac muscle)

31
Q

what may you see in the epicardium?

A
  • vasa vasorum
  • connective tissues
  • some adipose tissue
32
Q

this elastin stain helps to distinguish arteries from veins

A

Gomori’s alehyde fsuschin

  • note that cartilage matrix and goblet cell mucin stains
  • elastin = purple
  • RBCs = green
33
Q

the media of the aorta is mostly

A

elastin

34
Q

the mucosa in the trachea has two types of cels

A
  • ciliated cells

- mucous cells

35
Q

components of the respiratory tract include: (3)

A
  • alveolar ducts: like long branching hallways
  • alveolar sacs: rotunda-like spaces
  • alveoli: project from the alveolar sac - the cubicles are alveoli
36
Q

components of alveoli

A
  • alveolar epithelium, connective tissue, blood vessels
37
Q

functions of surfactant

A
  • extracellular coating that reduces tension of type I cells; reduction of tension = makes inflation of lungs less work
  • facilitates transport of gases bw air and liquid phases
  • bactericidal effect

MLSCI 250 (35 decks)

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