Lab 9 Flashcards
The skeletal system
The entire framework of bones and their cartilages, joints, and ligaments.
Total: 206 bones
Axial skeleton
80 bones
Consists of bones that form the long axis of the body
Ex. Skull, vertebral column, thoracic cages
Appendicular skeleton
126 bones
Consists of bones of the upper and
lower limbs, as well as the bones that connect the limbs to the axial skeleton
Process
A bulging outgrowth of a larger bone
Ex. Acromion process (of the scapula)
Mostly found in irregular bones
Tuberosity
A moderate prominence were muscles and connective tissue attach.
Found on the humerus, radius, ischium, tibia
Tubercle
A small rounded point of the humerus
(Found underneath the head)
Trochanter
A large prominence on the side of the femur where mussels attach.
Condyle
Round knobs that form articulations with other bones
Note: only ones you have to know are in the skull and femur
Epicondyle
Prominences that sit on top of the humerus condyles, and attach muscle and connective tissue to the bone
Facet
A flat surface that forms a joint with another bone, together, creating a gliding joint
Note: only ones you have to know are the superior and inferior articular facets of the vertebral column
Crest
A raised, or more prominent part of the edge of a bone
Note: only when you have to know, is the ilial crest (pelvis)
Head
Rounded, prominent extension of bone, that forms part of a ball and socket joint.
Found in the humerus, radius, femur, fibula
Foramen
A hole where nerves and blood vessels passed through bone
Found in the vertebral column, skull, pelvis
Meatus
A tube- like channel that extends within the bone, and protects nerves and vessels
Note: only one you have to know is in the ear
Fossa
A shallow depression in the bone surface
Found in the skull, scapula, humerus, femur
Frontanels
Areas of fibrous, connective tissue that provides some flexibility to the fetal skull, allowing it to compress at birth, and rapidly grow and ossify within 2 years.
Also known as the “soft spots”
How many hand carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges are there
8 Carpels
5 Metacarpels
14 Phalanges
How many foot tarsals, metatarsals, and phalanges are there?
7 tarsals
5 metatarsals
14 phalanges
What is the only bone that does not articulate with any other bone?
The hyoid bone
What vertebrae do the ribs articulate with?
The thoracic vertebrae
Scoliosis
The sideways curvature of the spine
Kyphosis
An increased front to back curve of the spine
(Hunchback)
