Lab 15 Flashcards
Where in the kidneys are nephrons mostly located?
Renal cortex
Kidneys
Kidneys are the main components of the urinary system
Function to eliminate waste products and produce urine. The nephron is responsible for urine formation.
Urinary bladder
Functions to store urine until it is ready to be released by voluntary control
Ureter
Brings urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder
What are the 2 regions of the nephron? What’s in them?
- Renal Corpuscle - bowman’s capsule, glomerulus
- Renal Tubule - everything else
Collecting duct
Receives urine from many nephrons and then sends it through the renal pyramids to the ureter
What are the 3 processes involved in urine formation?
- Glomerular filtration
- Tubular reabsorption
- Tubular secretion
Glomerular filtration
The process of separating materials in blood based on their size in relation to the pores of the filtration membrane.
(So small ions can pass through like urea and water, but no macromolecules like proteins and blood cells)
Tubular reabsorption
The process is which the filtered substances that the body needs will re-enter the blood from the capillaries near the tubules
Tubular secretion
A process in which substances enter the filtrate from the blood in the capillaries near the tubules.
Allows wastes that were not filtered to be excreted through urine
How does aldosterone control urine formation?
Helps control the balance of water and salts in the kidney by reabsorbing sodium and water, and releasing potassium.
How does Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) control urine formation?
It controls the volume of urine being excreted, and the amount of salt it contains
What does presence of glucose in urine mean?
Diabetes
What does presence of protein in urine mean?
Hypertension (high blood pressure)
What does presence of blood in urine mean?
- Kidney stones
- urinary tract tumours
- kidney infection
