LAB

Question 1

Agaricus Campestris

field mushroom

Answer 1

o Gills develop from pink to red-brown to dark brown
o Stipe: tall, single ring, white
o Pileus: white
o No volva

Question 2

Coprinus (ink cap)

Answer 2

o Gills turn outward exposing spores to the wind
o Trama tissue b/w basidium (non-spore producing tissue of gills)
o Hymenium includes: basidium & basidiospores (pg 524)
Basidia
Cystidia
Other sterile cells
o Cystidia: long, cylindrical cells which arise in the hymenium along with the basidia or in the trama

Question 3

What does the hymenium of coprinus contain?

Answer 3

basidia
cystidia
other sterile cells

Question 4

cystidia

Answer 4

long, cylindrical cells which arise in the hymenium along with the basidia or in the trama
provide moisture

Question 5

trama tissue

Answer 5

tissue b/w basidium

non-spore producing tissue of gills

Question 6

Boletus (penny bun)

Answer 6

ecotmycorrhizal
spore production occurs in gills rather than on the surface of the gills
basidiocarps

Question 7

where does spore production occur in Boletus?

Answer 7

tubes rather than on the surface of the gills

Question 8

What are the features of Basidiomycota?

Answer 8

4 basidiospores form from a basidium (site of karyogamy & meiosis)
Septae present with a pore
clamp connections

Question 9

Dolipore septum

Answer 9

specialized dividing walls b/w adjacent cells which permits cytoplasmic continuity b/w adjacent segments

Question 10

What determines the phyla of Basidiomycota?

Answer 10

basidiocarp

arrangement of basidia

Question 11

What are the 3 subphyla of Basidiomycota?

Answer 11

Agariomycotina
Ustilaginomycotina
Pucciniomycotina

Question 12

What are the classes of Agaricomycotina?

Answer 12

Class: Agaricomycetes homobasidia: bracket, puff balls & corals
Class: Dacrymycetes Jelly fungi including tuning fork (branded) basidia
Class: Tremellomycetes phragobasidia

Question 13

What are the classes of Ustilaginomycetes?

Answer 13

smuts, parasitic
Exobasidiomycetes
Ustilaginomycetes

Question 14

What kinds of fungi are in Pucciniomycotina & how many classes?

Answer 14

rusts, parasitic

8

Question 15

gymnocarpous

Answer 15

sporocarp exposed at the beginning of development

Question 16

Hemianicarpous

Answer 16

enclosed at first & becomes exposed as the basidiospores are fully developed

Question 17

Angiocarpous

Answer 17

sporocarp enclosed until basidiospores are fully developed

peridium is opened & decayed

Question 18

What is significant about the septae in Agaricomycete?

Answer 18

aren’t separated by septae

Question 19

What are the 2 kinds of basidia in Agaricomycete?

Answer 19

Probasidium: site of karyogamy
Metabasidium: site of meiosis

Occurs in the same space since there is no separation by septae `

Question 20

What are 5 fungi in Agaricomycetes?

Answer 20

Coprinus
Boletus 
Russula 
Hydnum 
Polyporus

Question 21

Sphaerocysts

Answer 21

globular cells found in the trama, provide brittle texture

Question 22

What fungi contains sphaerocysts?

Answer 22

russula

Question 23

Which fungi contain teeth?

Answer 23

hydnum

Question 24

How are sphaerocysts & cystidia different?

Answer 24

sphaerocysts are located in the trama

cystidia is located along the basidia & the trama

Question 25

whats the name that describes wood rotting fungi?

Answer 25

resupinate fungi

Question 26

What are the 4 families in Gastromycetes?

Answer 26

Nidulariacea
Geastracea
Lycoperdaceae
Phallalaceae

Question 27

What are the features of the 4 families in Gastromycetes?

Answer 27

o 4 spores formed on basidium, not forcibly discharged
o Basidiocarp is angiocarpic & covered by a multilayer peridium
o Basidia produced in or on initially fleshy tissues called gleba
o Basidia disintegrate & the gleba is composed of powdery spores & basidial remains

Question 28

What is the bird’s nest fungi?

Answer 28

Cyanthus (Nidulartiaceae in the Agaricales)

Question 29

What is the earth star fungi? & what is unique about its peridium?

Answer 29

Geastrum (Geastraceae in Phallales)

3 layers, outer layer opens up exposing spores to the wind

Question 30

What is the puffball fungi? & what is significant about its fruiting body?

Answer 30

Lycoperdon (Lycoerdaceae of the Agaricales)

pore on outside of peridium, spores on outside
peridium is a single layer

Question 31

Describe the spore exposing function of mutinus

Answer 31

o At first, egg shaped with a peridium covering a gelatinous layer
o During maturation, internal stipe like structure pushes the gelatinous layer with spore through the peridium exposing the spore mass
o Peridium remains as the volva
o Insect attracting

Question 32

WHat is the stinkhorn fungi called ?

Answer 32

Mutinus (Phallaceae of the Phallales)

Question 33

peridiole

Answer 33

contain glebal tissue, basidia, and basidiospores, surrounded by a hardened wall, in bird’s nest fungi (nidularaceae)