Lab 4

Question 1

When looking at a slide of the Trachea, what is blood?

Answer 1

Hyaline cartilage

Question 2

what kind of epithelium lines the Trachea?

Answer 2

simple squamous epithelium

Question 3

What tissue has a large amount of surface area provided by the alveolar sacs?

Answer 3

lung tissue

Question 4

What are the two layers of the bronchioles in lung tissue?

Answer 4

pseudostratified epithelium
smooth muscle
Bronchioles are wavy

Question 5

What is emphysema?

Answer 5

respiratory disease in which the surface area available for gas exchange is significantly reduced.
-smoking increases risk

Question 6

What sound occurs when air rushes through the large respiratory passageways?

Answer 6

bronchial sounds

Question 7

What sounds coincide with the air filling the alveolar sacs?

Answer 7

Vesicular breathing

-sound like scuba divers or person wearing ventilation mask.

Question 8

Respiratory, or lung, volumes and capacities are the amounts of what?

Answer 8

air that can be moved into or out of the lungs under various conditions?

Question 9

Respiratory volumes and capacities vary according to:

Answer 9

sex, height, weight, and physical condition

Question 10

What is the amount of air inhaled during a single breath called?

Answer 10

Tidal Volume (TV)

Question 11

What is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a maximal inspiration called?

Answer 11

Vital Capacity (VC)

Question 12

What is the average resting TV?

Answer 12

400-500mL

Question 13

VC can vary according to:

Answer 13

body size and composition, activity level, health, developing of the muscle of insperation

Question 14

What is a wet spirometer?

Answer 14

when air exhaled into tube displaces an equal volume of water.

Question 15

What is the pH of cerebrospinal fluid in the brain sensed by?

Answer 15

Central chemoreceptors in the medulla

Question 16

WHat is CO2 levels in the blood sensed by?

Answer 16

peripheral chemoreceptors in the carotid and aortic bodies

Question 17

What does the automonic nervous system do?

Answer 17

provide input to the respiratory centers

Question 18

exercise can lead to increased rate and depth of breathing before what occurs?

Answer 18

before CO2 level rise

Question 19

Exercise can lead to the increase of what other then rate and depth of breathing?

Answer 19

increase of BP

Question 20

During hyperventilation, drop in CO2 can lead to widespread ________ which can lead to drop in _____.

Answer 20

vasodilation

BP

Question 21

During exercise, increase in BP occurs due to what?

Answer 21

vasoconstriction of vessels in the viscera

Question 22

What can cause Bronchoconstriction?

Answer 22

Histamine, parasympathetic nerves, cold air, and chemical irratants

Question 23

What can cause Bronchodialation?

Answer 23

epinephrine,sympathetic nerves and exercise