Chapter 21 test Flashcards
The only lymphatic Organ with both afferent and efferent lymphatic vessels is A. the spleen B. a lymph node C. a tonsil D. a Peyer patch E. the thymus
b. lymph node
Which of the following cells are involved in nonspecific resistance but not in specific defense? A. helper T cells B. cytotoxic T cells C. natural killer cells D. B cells E. plasma cells
C. natural killer cells
The respiratory burst is used by \_\_\_\_\_\_ to kill bacteria. A. neutrophils B. basophils C. mast cells D. NK cells E. cytotoxic T cells
A. Neutrophil
Which of these is a macrophage? A. a microglial cell B. a plasma cell C. a reticular cell D. a helper T cell E. a mast cell
a. A microglial cell
The cytolytic action of the complement system is most similar to the action of A. interleukin-1 B. platelet-derived growth factor C. granzymes D. perforin E. IgE
d. perforin
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ become antigenic by binding to larger host molecules. A. epitopes B. haptens C. interleukins D. pyrogens E. call-adhesion molecules
b. haptens
Which of the following correctly states the order of events in humoral immunity? let 1= antigen display, 2= antibody secretion, 3= secretion of interleukin, 4= clonal selection, and 5= endocytosis of an antigen. A. 3-4-1-5-2 B. 5-3-1-2-4 C.3-5-1-4-2 D. 5-3-1-4-2 E. 5-1-3-4-2
e. E. 5-1-3-4-2
The cardinal signs of inflammation include all of the following except A. redness B. swelling C. heat D. fever E. pain
d. fever
A helper T cell can bind only to another cell that has A. MHC-II proteins B. an epitope C. an antigen-binding site D. a complement-binding site E. a CD4 protein
A. MHC-II proteins
Which of the following results from a lack of self-tolerance? A. SCID B. AIDS C. systemic lupus erythematosus D. anaphylaxis E. asthma
C. systemic lupus erythematosus
Any organism or substance capable of causing disease is called a/an ________.
Pathogen
Mucous membranes contain an antibacterial enzyme called _______.
Lysozyme
_______ is a condition in which one or more lymph nodes are swollen and painful to the touch.
Lymphadenitis
The movement of leukocytes through a capillary or venule wall is called _______.
Diapedesis (emigration)
In the process of ______, complement proteins coat bacteria and serve as binding sites for phagocytes.
opsonization
any substance that triggers a fever is called a/an ______.
Pyrogen
The chemical signals produced by leukocytes to stimulate other leukocytes are called _____.
Interleukins
Part of an antibody called the ______ binds to part of an antigen called the ______.
antigen-binding site, epitope
Self- tolerance results from a process called _____, in which lymphocytes programmed to react against self-antigens die.
Clonal deletion
Any disease in which antibodies attack one’s own tissues is called a/an _______ disease.
autoimmune
Some bacteria employ lysozyme to liquefy the tissue gel and make it easier for them to get around. T or F.
False=
Lysozyme is a bacteria-killing enzyme.
T lymphocytes undergo clonal deletion and anergy in the thymus. T or F.
True
Interferons help to reduce inflammation. T or F.
False=
Interferons promote inflammation.
T lymphocytes are involved only in cell-meditated immunity. T or F.
False=
Helper T cells are also necessary to humoral immunity.
The white pulp of the spleen gets its color mainly from lymphocytes and macrophages. T or F.
True
Perforins are employed in both nonspecific resistance and cellular immunity. T or F.
True
Histamine and heparin are secreted by basophils and mast cells. T or F.
True
A person who is HIV-positive and have a CD4 count of 1000 cells/uL does not have AIDs. T or F.
True
Anergy is often a cause of autoimmune diseases. T or F.
False=
angery is a loss of lymphocyte activity, where as autoimmune diseases result from misdirected activity.
Interferons kill pathogenic bacteria by making holes in their cell walls. T or F.
False=
Interferons inhibit viral replication; perforins lyse bacteria
