Lab 14: The Digestive System Flashcards
why is gut activity not important in fight or flight
situation needs to increase skeletal muscle activity, thus increase HR and contraction strength to pump more O2 to muscles
= gut does not need to be active
= decrease muscle activity of gut, more blood flow to skeletal muscle
where is pancreatic lipase produced
PANCREAS
where is pepsinogen produced
stomach mucosa (chief cells)
where is trypsinogen produced
pancreas
where is bile produced
liver
where does lipid digestion occur
SI
will salivary amylase have any effect on table sugar
no, only acts on polysaccharide (starch)
= thus, does not break down polysaccharide glycogen b /c cannot attack branching leakages
= thus, cant digest cellulose b/c enzymes lacking
appendicitis meaning
painful and swelling of appendix
= becomes inflamed and infected
gallstones meaning
hardened deposits of bile that can form in gallbladder (crystalline bodies)
heartburn meaning
pain & burning in upper/ middle part of stomach & chest; =symptom of acid reflex disease
= excess acids backs up from stomach and esophagus
Crohns disease
inflammatory bowel disease
tissues are inflamed and have deep sores usually in last part of SI
=may be abnormal response to normal intestine bacteria by immune system
how does epinephrine affect cardiac muscle (strength and rate) and smooth muscle
cardiac (increase strength & contraction)
smooth muscle (decrease strength & increase contraction)
how does acetylcholine affect cardiac muscle (strength and rate) and smooth muscle
cardiac (decrease strength & rate)
smooth muscle (increase strength and rate)
epinephrine or acetylcholine
which chemical is released by sympathethic ns
epinephrine
epinephrine or acetylcholine
which chemical is released by parasympathethic ns
acetylcholine
purpose of additional layer of smooth muscle in stomach
strengthen stomach wall and assists in churning activities
why would mucous production be important in digestive tract (stomach)
mucus is alkaline so it neutralizes stomach acid ; form protective layer over epithelium so acid doesn’t damage stomach lining
what is gastric ulcer
open sores that are on lining of stomach and it damage stomach tissue
= develop when stomach protective layers is broken down
function of a stratified squamous epithelium
protect from wear and tear as youre swallowing food
= protect from abrasion food
major type of movement in digestive tract
peristalsis
purpose of villi in SI
increase absorption of nutrients from chyme
in what part of digestive tract does most digestion of nutrients occur
SI = duodenum
why are mucus producing goblet cells so abundant in LI
protects & lubricates surface of intestine
= this is where feces is formed and site of H20 absorption mucus prevents abrasion of cells
