Lab 1: Terminology + Microscope Flashcards
anatomical position
Standing erect
Facing forward with arms at sides
Palms towards front
Sagittal
vertical cut that divides body left and right
cut is in middle (plane)
Midsagittal/ median
other sagittal sections (uneven)
Parasagittal
Frontal
vertical cut from side to side
horizontal cut that divides into superior and inferior
transverse (horizontal / cross section)
inner layer; covers organ; stomach, spleen liver, intestine)
visceral layer
outer layer that lines body cavity (Located in abdomen, lining abdominal and pelvic cavity)
parietal layer
relationship between total magnification and depth of focus?
Each time you switch to a higher power, the depth of focus is reduced.
- magnification increase (objective is close to slide), field of view decrease
distinguish fine detail of object
resolution
change magnification without refocusing
parfocal
distance from objective lens to slide
working distance
relationship between the ocular lens magnification, the objective
lens magnification and the total magnification?
ocular lens magnifies object an additional 10x more than the objective lens. Total magnification is the product of both lenses
what is in the right lower quadrant
large intestine, cecum, appendix, right ureter, reproductive organs
what is in right upper quadrant
Liver, stomach, gallbladder, duodenum, right kidney, pancreas, and the right adrenal gland, transverse colon
what is in left lower quadrant
left ureter, intestines, reproductive organs (fallopian tube, ovary)
what is in left upper quadrant
Liver, stomach, pancreas, left kidney, spleen, and the left adrenal gland.
what supports the objective lenses
revolving nose piece
what are the 3 objective lenses
4x lens = low power objective lens
10x lens = medium power objective lens
40x= highest power
the part of the microscope that magnifies the image produced by the microscope’s objective so that it can be seen by the human eye.
ocular lens/ eyepiece
under object stage
- Concentrate + direct light from light sources so it passes through slide to objective lens
condenser
Regulates light intensity
iris diaphragm
allows one to locate a specific area of slide under view
Mechanical stage
outer knob (raising/ lowering stage)
coarse focus
inner knob (sharpens + precise image)
fine focus
structure located above another structure
superior
below a structure
inferior
back of body / upper surface
dorsal
front of body/ under surface
ventral
sole of feet
plantar
palm of hands
palmar/ volar
front part of body
anterior
back part of body
posterior
nearest point of attachment to limb
proximal
farthest away from attachment or limb
distal
far from median
lateral
close to median
medial
tail end
caudal
head end
cranial
near or toward body surface
superficial (external)
away from body surface (toward inside body)
deep (internal)
what does dorsal cavity contain
1) Cranial cavity = hollow portion of skull formed by cranial bones (brain)
2) Spinal(vertebral) canal = spinal cord
what does ventral cavity contain?
Thoracic cavity (superior portion)
Abdominopelvic Cavity (inferior portion)
3 chambers of thoracic cavity
Right pleural cavity (right lung)
Left pleural (left lung)
Pericardial cavity (heart, great vessels)
what does abdominal cavity include (abdominopelvic cavity)
Stomach, liver, gallbladder, intestines, pancreas)
what does pelvic cavity include (abdominopelvic cavity)
Urinary bladder
Sigmoid colon
Rectum
Uterus and ovaries
function of ventral body cavity
Contains moist, double layered serous membrane (elastic)
Covers viscera and lines walls of thorax and abdomen
2 layers of ventral body cavity
visceral and parietal layer
3 serous membranes
- pleura
- pericardium
- peritoneum
what is pleura
covers lungs and lines interior wall of chest cavity
what does visceral pleura cover
covers the lungs, blood vessels, nerves, and bronchi.
Parietal pleura
attached to chest wall
surrounding heart and blood vessels in pericardial activity
Pericardium
covers heart
Visceral pericardium
Parietal pericardium
lines pericardial activity
Peritoneum
lines your abdominopelvic cavity and surrounds your abdominal cavity
double layered fold in peritoneum
mesenteries
wraps around abdominal organs (stomach, spleen, intestines)
Visceral peritoneum
Associated with walls of abdominal cavity +pelvic walls
Parietal peritoneum
in between layers of peritoneal membrane
Peritoneal activity (fluid)
abdominal organs behind parietal peritoneum (Pancreas, kidneys, sex organs, duodenum, Colons)
Retroperitoneal
