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a&p lab > lab 10 > Flashcards

lab 10 Flashcards

1
Q

what are the functional classifications for joints?

A

synarthroses (immovable), amphiarthroses (slight movement), diarthroses (freely moveable)

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2
Q

what are the structural classifications for joints?

A

fibrous joints, cartilaginous joints, and synovial joints

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3
Q

what are fibrous joints?

A

sutures or syndesmoses, both are synarthroses

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4
Q

what are cartilaginous joints?

A

synchondroses (synarthroses) or symphyses (amphiarthroses),

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5
Q

what are the 6 synovial joints?

A

-plane or gliding joints (dia).
-hinge joints (dia)
-pivot joint (dia)
-condyloid or ellipsoid joints (diarthroses)
-saddle joints (diarthroses)
-ball and socket joints (diarthroses)

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6
Q

what are the parts of a synovial joint?

A

-joint cavity- seperates bones.
-articular cart- covers bones.
-articular capsule- encloses joint cav.
-synovial mem- secretes synovial fluid.
-synovial fluid- fills cavity, lubricates joint, and nurishes articular cart.
liagments- supports joints

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7
Q

what are the movements at synovial joints?

A

abduction
adduction
flexion
extentsion
hyperextension
rotation
circumduction
proation
supination
eversion
inversion

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8
Q

abduction and adduction

A

ab- body part moves away from medial line.
ad-body part moves towards mid line

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9
Q

flexion and extension

A

fl- decreases distances between bones, brings closer
ex- increases distance between bones, farther apart

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10
Q

hyperextension

A

extention beyond anatomical position

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11
Q

rotation

A

changing direction of body part, looking the other way, turing your head

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12
Q

circumduction

A

circle motion at distal end of limb

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13
Q

pronation and supination

A

pro-movement of hand from palm up to palm down
sup- movement of hand from palm down to palm up

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14
Q

what are the ligaments of the shoulder?

A

arcomioclavicular, coracoclavicular, coracoacrominal, coracohumeral, and glenohumeral

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15
Q

what are the ligaments of the knee?

A

posterior and anterior cruciate, patellar, tibial collateral, and fibular collateral

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16
Q

what are the ligaments of the hip joints?

A

iliofemoral, pubofemoral, and ischiofemoral

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17
Q

what is the origin? insertion?

A

or- attachment site of a muscle
in- attachment site that moves

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18
Q

what is agonist and antagonist?

A

ag- muscle that is responsible for causing the movement
an-muscle that stretches due to agonist

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19
Q

what is fixator and synergist?

A

fix- stabilize the origin of the agonist and movement
syn- contract at the same time and agonist

20
Q

masseter

A

o-zygomatic arch
i-lateral mandible
a-closes jaw by elevating mandible

21
Q

sternoclidomastoid

A

o-sternum and medial clavicle
i-mastoid process of temporal bone
a-flex neck, rotate head

22
Q

pectoralis major

A

o- clavicle, sternum, and cart of upper ribs
i- humerus
a-flexes and rotates arm at shoulder joint

23
Q

deltoid

A

o- acromion process and spine of scapula, lateral third of clavicle
i- deltoid tuberosity of humerus
a- contracts and rotates arm

24
Q

latissimus dorsi

A

o- spinous processes, vertebrae and lower ribs
i- humerus
a- extends and moves arm at shoulder joint

25
Q

triceps brachii

A

o- scapula and humerus
i- olecranon process of ulna
a- extends forearm

26
Q

biceps brachii

A

o- scapula
i- radial tuberosity
a- flexes forearm, supinates forearm

27
Q

brachioradialis

A

o-lateral humerus
i-radius styloid process
a-flex forearm

28
Q

flexor carpi ulnaris

A

o-medial epicondyle of humerus and olecranon process of ulna
i-metacarpal V
a- flex hand, adducts hand at wrist

29
Q

extensor carpi ulnaris

A

o- lat epicondyle of humerus
i- metacarpal V
a- extend hand adducts hand at wrist

30
Q

rectus abdoninus

A

o- pubic
i- sternum and cartilage of ribs
a-flex and rotate lumbar region, compress abdominal contents

31
Q

gluteus maximus

A

o-postierior ilium, sacrum, and coccyx
i- post of femur
a-extends thigh at hip and laterally rotates thigh

32
Q

adductor longus

A

o- pubis
i- post femur
a- adducts and flexes thigh at hip, medially rotates thigh

33
Q

rectus femoris

A

o-ilium and acetabulum
i-patella and tibial tuberosity
a- extent lower leg and flex thigh

34
Q

vastus lateralis

A

o-trochanter and post femur
i- patella and tibial tuberosity
a- extend lower leg and stabilize knee

35
Q

vastus medialis

A

o- medial femur
i- patella and tibial tuberosity
a- extend lower leg

36
Q

vastus intermedius

A

o- anterior and lateral femur
i- patella and tibial tuberosity
a-extend lower leg

37
Q

biceps femoris

A

o- ischial tuberosity
i- head of fibula and lateral condyle of tibia
a- extends thigh and lat rotates leg, flexes lower leg

38
Q

semitendinosus

A

o- ischial tuberosity
i- medial tibia
a- extend thigh and flex lower leg, medially rotates leg

39
Q

semimembranosus

A

o- ischial tuberosity
i- medial condyle of tibia
a- extend thigh and flex lower leg and medially rotates leg

40
Q

tibialis anterior

A

o- lat condyle and lat surface of tibia
i- tarsal bone and metatarsal
a- dorsiflexes and inverts foot

41
Q

gastronemius

A

o- lat and medial condyles of femur
i- posterior surface of calcaneus
a- plantar flexes foot and lower leg

42
Q

extensor digitorum longus

A

o- lat condyle of tibia and anterior surface of fibula
i- middle and distal phalanges of toes 2-5
a- dorsiflexes and eversion of foot and extends toes

43
Q

inversion

A

rotating towards medial line

44
Q

eversion

A

rotating away from medial line

45
Q

dorsi flexion

A

the backward bending and contracting of your hand or foot

46
Q

plantar flexion

A

the movement of the foot in a downward motion away from the body

a&p lab (16 decks)

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