L.9 Nerves and vessels - 1 Flashcards
L.O.
- Compare and contrast the features of the supply structures: arteries, veins, lymph vessels and nerves.
- Understand and be able to describe the general organisation and location of the heart and blood vessels and circulation of blood in the cardiovascular system.
- Understand and be able to describe the general organisation and location of the lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels and circulation of lymph in the lymphatic system.
Properties of Arteries
- Thick, elastic and strong, muscular walls able to withstand high pressure
- Deep rarely superficial
- High O2
- Away from heart
- No valves
- Branches from heart
- Imaging with anteriogram and angiogram
Properties of Veins
- Weaker, less muscular
- Deep and superficial
- Not good under high psi
- Low O2
- Towards heart
- Has valves
- Recieves tributaries towards heart
- Image with venogram
Properties of Lymphatic system
- Weak and not muscular
- Deep and superficial
- Takes interstitual fluid back to blood supply
- Relies on high psi from a network of support to complete its jobs
- Nobular bodies with appendiges
- Relies of psi from vessels and muscles
- Many valves
- Recieves tributaries
- From tissue to heart
- Image with lymphangiogram
Nerves
- Controls movements with electronegative charges
- Deep = large
- Superficial = small
[heft]
Circulatory system
Contains:
* Cardiovascular system
* Lymphatic system
Cardiovascular system
- Heart, arteries, veins, capillaries
- Transports blood
Lymphatic system
- Lymph vessels, organs, nodes
- Transports lymph to lymph nodes, then cardiovascular system via veins
Superficial vessels and nerves
- Cutaneous vessels under the skin
- Cutaneous nerves and superficial veins form networks under the skin to feel sensation
- Superficial lymph vessels take lymphb away
Deep vessels and nerves
- Under deep fascia, vessels and nerves collate together in bundles
- Bundle of nerves and vessels = neurovascular bundle (inside connective tissue sheath)
- Large vessels and nerves often enclosed in fascial sheath
- Veins and lymph are more periferal in sheath than nerves and arteries
Cardiovascular system basics - 4 concepts
1.** Artery Vs Vein**
- Artery > Arteriole > Capillary
Capillary > Venule > Vein
-
Pulmonary Vs Systemic Circulation
- Pumlonary = heary-lung, deoxy blood, 1 artery&vein
- Systemic = heart-body, oxy blood, aorta to body -
Blood pumped by heart
- RHS pump to lungs(low psi)
- LHS to body (high psi)
- 2 atria recieve blood
- 2 ventricles pump blood -
Heart RHS VS LHS
- RHS recieve low O2 blood from body and pump to lungs under low psi
- LHS recieve high O2 blood from lungs then pump to body under high psi
Circulation through blood vessels
Arteries => Arterioles => Capillary Bed => Venuoles => Veins
- Arteries located on flexor surface of joints to avoid streching
- Capillaries transfer fluid, nutrients, waste from interstitual space
- Deep veins travel with arteries and lay in position allowing them to expand
- Superficial veins travel in subcutaneous tissue
Artery and Vein relationship
- Vein has larger lumen and thinner walls
- Veins have greater expanding but worse recoil
- Veins have valves to help shunt blood toward heart and prevent pooling
Venae Comitantes = arrangement of vessels where pair of veins run along a single artery. (pulsation of artery helps vein and transfer heat from arteriole blood)
Venous Plexuses = network of veins, coushioning of nerves, take heat from artery.
Venous Sinuses = Endothelial lined spaces within cranial cavity, Collects blood and takes to jugular vein
Venae Comitantes
Venous Plexuses
Venous Sinuses
Venae Comitantes = arrangement of vessels where pair of veins run along a single artery. (pulsation of artery helps vein and transfer heat from arteriole blood)
Venous Plexuses = network of veins, coushioning of nerves, take heat from artery.
Venous Sinuses = Endothelial lined spaces within cranial cavity, Collects blood and takes to jugular vein
Lymphatic system
- Drains excess tissue fruid and clean up debris
- Contains macrophages and creates WBC
- Drains into lymph nodes and into veins
- Spleen, thymus = lymphatic organs
- Lymph vessels in gastrointestinal tract also carry lipids after meals.
