L.13 Joints Flashcards
L.O
- Recognise and apply anatomy terminology relating to joints.
- Define a joint.
- Classify a joint as fibrous, cartilaginous or synovial.
- Identify key features of different joint classifications including key structural feature and range of movement available.
- Recognise the impact of pathology on synovial joints.
Terminology:
Joint
Athron
Athrology
Arthroscopy
Arthitis
Articulation
Joint = Bone meets another bone
Athron = Joint
Athrology = Study of joints
Athroscopy = Scoping of a joint
Arthritis = Inflammation of a joint
Articulation = When things connect with eachother (Humerus. articulates with scapula)
Types of joints
- Fibrous
- Cartilagenous
- Synovial
Fibrous joints
“AKA synarthrosis”
- Bone joined by fibrous connective tissue
- Little to no movement allowed
Eg. In skull, interosseous membrane, inferior tibiafibular joint
cartilagenous Joint
“AKA Amphiarthrosis”
Bones joined by:
- Cartilage (Ribs)
- Cartilage and fibrous connective tissue (Intervertebral disks)
Hyalin cartilage
- Some joints require pads of fibrocartiage
Slight to little movement
Synovial joints
Freely moveable
Contain:
- Joint capsule
- Ligaments
- Synovial membrane
- Synovial fluid
- Articular cartilage
- Sometimes extra fat pad and articular disks
When things go wrong in bones
- Inflammatory, cartilage is rough, joint capsule thickes, bone changes
Osteoarthritis
Osteoarthritis
Osteo = bone
Itis = Infection
Disease of synovial joints
- Most common in hands, hips and knees
- Imbalance between repair and destrucion of joint tissue (NOT wear and tare)
X-rays are NOT for diagnosis as joints may be good, but still sore. vice verca
- Clinical diagnosis is best
Osteoarthritis can be due to:
Can be due to:
- Mechanical (forces imbalanced in joint)
- Inflammatory (overweight with systemic inflammatin)
- Metabolic ( not metabolising properly)
Cracking knuckles
- Bursting/ collapsing of bubbles in synovial fluid
- Does NOT cause arthritis
- May reduce grip strength and result in hand swelling
