L.6 Fascia

Question 1

L.O.

Answer 1

• name and describe the categories
• describe the histology
• know an example of each of the different fascia
• understand how and why fascia forms compartments
• describe the varied functions
• understand the basics of 2 fascial pathologies

Question 2

Fascia

Answer 2

Layer of strong, flexible connective tissue that covers, seperates/ holds together different organs, muscles, vessels and nerves

Question 3

Sheath

Answer 3

A covering of connective tissue

Question 4

Connective tissue

Answer 4

1 of 4 main types of tissue
Consists of Fibroblast cells and collagen cells

Question 5

Tendons and Aponeuroses VS Ligaments

Answer 5

Tendons and Aponeuroses:
- Muscle to Bone

Ligaments:
- Bone to Bone

Question 6

Viscera

Answer 6

Internal organs of the body

Question 7

Parietal

Answer 7

Wall of the body cavity

Question 8

Fascia under the microscope

Answer 8

• Mostly dense regular connective tissue (arranged well)
• Fibroblast cells
• Collagen fibres arranged in bundles (parallel)
• Vessels, nerves and adipose

[heft]

Question 9

Categories of fascia

Answer 9

1. Superficial
2. Deep
3. Viscera
4. Parietal

Question 10

Superficial fascia

Answer 10

• Just beneath skin
• Thickest in trunk
• loose connective tissue and adipose
• contains sweat glands, vessels and cutaneous nerves

Question 11

Deep Fascia

Answer 11

• Surrounds and seperates muscle, bones, nerves and vessels
• Dense regular/ irregular connective tissue

Divisions:
- Epimysial
- Intermuscular Septa
- Aponeuroses
- Retinacula
- Investing

Question 12

Deep Fascia Divisions

Answer 12

Epimysial:
- Surrounds muscle

Intermuscular Septa:
- Creates functional compartments

Aponeuroses:
- Wise attachment area

Retinacula:
- Surrounding joints

Investing:
- Surround neurovascular bundles

Question 13

Aponeuroses

Answer 13

• Sheet of pearly white connective tissue that attaches sheet-like muscle that requires wide area of attachment
• Peels easily when dissected
• Eg. Ventral abdominal region and dorsal lumbar

Question 14

2 Serosal layers

Answer 14

Parietal:
- Surrounds organs of the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic regions

Visceral:
- lines the walls of the body cavity

Question 15

Purposes of different Fascia

Answer 15

Superficial:
- Protect and cushioning
- Fat storage site
- Anchors skin, allowing movement
- Pathway for nerves and vessels
- Contains immune cells

Viscera & Parietal:
- Allows organs to move smoothly against eachother
- Fascilitated by fluid between viscera and parietal membranes

Deep:
- Support and structure of muscles to function independently
- Tendons, ligaments and aponeuroses
- Compartmentalisation to prevent spread of infections
- Reduce friction
- Support nerves and vessels from being compressed
- Detects changes in pressure, tension and pain