L.6 Fascia Flashcards
L.O.
- name and describe the categories
- describe the histology
- know an example of each of the different fascia
- understand how and why fascia forms compartments
- describe the varied functions
- understand the basics of 2 fascial pathologies
Fascia
Layer of strong, flexible connective tissue that covers, seperates/ holds together different organs, muscles, vessels and nerves
Sheath
A covering of connective tissue
Connective tissue
1 of 4 main types of tissue
Consists of Fibroblast cells and collagen cells
Tendons and Aponeuroses VS Ligaments
Tendons and Aponeuroses:
- Muscle to Bone
Ligaments:
- Bone to Bone
Viscera
Internal organs of the body
Parietal
Wall of the body cavity
Fascia under the microscope
- Mostly dense regular connective tissue (arranged well)
- Fibroblast cells
- Collagen fibres arranged in bundles (parallel)
- Vessels, nerves and adipose
[heft]
Categories of fascia
- Superficial
- Deep
- Viscera
- Parietal
Superficial fascia
- Just beneath skin
- Thickest in trunk
- loose connective tissue and adipose
- contains sweat glands, vessels and cutaneous nerves
Deep Fascia
- Surrounds and seperates muscle, bones, nerves and vessels
- Dense regular/ irregular connective tissue
Divisions:
- Epimysial
- Intermuscular Septa
- Aponeuroses
- Retinacula
- Investing
Deep Fascia Divisions
Epimysial:
- Surrounds muscle
Intermuscular Septa:
- Creates functional compartments
Aponeuroses:
- Wise attachment area
Retinacula:
- Surrounding joints
Investing:
- Surround neurovascular bundles
Aponeuroses
- Sheet of pearly white connective tissue that attaches sheet-like muscle that requires wide area of attachment
- Peels easily when dissected
- Eg. Ventral abdominal region and dorsal lumbar
2 Serosal layers
Parietal:
- Surrounds organs of the thoracic, abdominal and pelvic regions
Visceral:
- lines the walls of the body cavity
Purposes of different Fascia
Superficial:
- Protect and cushioning
- Fat storage site
- Anchors skin, allowing movement
- Pathway for nerves and vessels
- Contains immune cells
Viscera & Parietal:
- Allows organs to move smoothly against eachother
- Fascilitated by fluid between viscera and parietal membranes
Deep:
- Support and structure of muscles to function independently
- Tendons, ligaments and aponeuroses
- Compartmentalisation to prevent spread of infections
- Reduce friction
- Support nerves and vessels from being compressed
- Detects changes in pressure, tension and pain
