L55 Flashcards
What bug causes syphilis?
Treponema pallidum
What are the 4 stages of disease for treponema pallidum?
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary
Congenital syphilis
Symptoms of 1ary syphilis
Chancre = painless ulcer on genitals
Symptoms of 2ary syphilis
“Flu”
Swollen lymph nodes
Spotted rash all over body (including palms & soles)
Symptoms of late syphilis
Chronic inflam + granulomatous lesions
CNS involvement = neurosyphilis
BV involvement = cardiovascular syphilis
How do you diagnose syphilis?
SEROLOGY
1st = RPR/VDRL
Follow up if + = FTA-ABS
What kind of serology test are RPR, VDRL? What info do these diagnostics give you?
Non-treponemal aka non-specific tests
Used to rule out syphilis - high FPs
What kind of serology test is FTA-ABS?
Treponemal = specific tests
Treat syphilis
Penicillin
Could use doxy
Treat neurosyphilis
Ceftriaxone
What bug causes Lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
How would you stain for borrelia?
Giema stain (silver)
Lyme transmission
Ixodes ticks on deer or mice
Transmission requires prolonged feeding (24 hrs)
3 stages of Lyme disease
Early, localized
Early, disseminated
Late, disseminated
Symptoms of early, localized Lyme
Erythema migrans
Symptoms of early, disseminated Lyme
Timeframe = 3-5 wks post bite
- CN7 palsy (has forehead involvement) - 1 sided facial palsy
- Meningitis
- Cardiac dysfxn (reversible, heart block)
Symptoms of late, disseminated Lyme
Arthritis
Diagnose borrelia burgdorferi
If see erythema migrans - that’s enough!
Otherwise ELISA confirmed w/ Western blot
Treat Lyme - 1st & 2nd choices
Doxy
2nd choice = ceftriaxone
Which bug is transmitted in contaminated water via skin cuts?
Leptospira
Chronically infects kidneys of animals - pee bug into waters
What are symptoms of Leptospirosis?
BIPHASIC
- Septicemic - acute, eye symptoms
- Immune - 1 mo after, liver + kidney failure
Treat leptospirosis
Supportive
Penicillin or doxy
What is the common drug that could work for spirochetes?
Doxy!!
