L32

Question 1

What is bacteria DNA?

Answer 1

Singular circular chromosome

Question 2

What is horizontal gene transfer

Answer 2

Directly from one organism to another

Question 3

What are the two features of horizontal transfer

Answer 3

Virulence factors
Antibiotic resistance

Question 4

What is virulence factors? one example

Answer 4

Attributes that help bacteria survive in host, eg capsules

Question 5

What is antibiotic resistance? one example

Answer 5

Attributes that reduce effectiveness of antibiotics

eg beta lactamase enzyme from plasmids inactivates penicillin

Question 6

What are the 3 horizontal gene transfer types?

Answer 6

Transformation (pillus)
Transduction
Conjugation

Question 7

What is transformation?

Answer 7

Uptake of short fragments of naked DNA by transformable bacteria

Question 8

What is conjugation?

Answer 8

Use of sex pilus transferring DNA

Question 9

What is transduction?

Answer 9

Transfer of DNA from one bacterium into another via bacteriophages

Question 10

What is phage therapy?

Answer 10

Therapeutic use of bacteriophages to treat pathogenic bacteria