L23

Question 1

What is comparative genomic?

Answer 1

-Discover what is in common and different

Question 2

What are things in common called?

Answer 2

conserved

Question 3

How do we compare sequences?

Answer 3

Aligning

-Lining genome up next to each other and marking each point where sequences are the same

Question 4

What can differences in genomes within individuals be associated with?

Answer 4

Disease
Characteristics of an individual
Evolutionary history

Question 5

What can we learn about an organism if we compare its genome with others?

Answer 5

-What sort of genes they have
-How differences between species arise
-Relationship between species

Question 6

How can DNA bases be modified of dead organisms?

Answer 6

Degradation through time sometimes changes the sequence

Question 7

What are the key finds of comparing modern and neanderthal genomes

Answer 7

-Some of us carry Neanderthal DNA
-Modern humans from EU and Asia carry Neanderthal alleles
-Those from Africa show no signs of these alleles
-Explanation is that Modern humans and Neanderthals interbred

Question 8

What does carrying Neanderthal DNA do?

Answer 8

-DNA holds variants that arose in Neanderthals
-Neanderthal DNA adds to variation in genome that might be related to phenotype

Question 9

How do we identify variants that might be related to phenotype

Answer 9

• comparing genomes of other species