L31 Neuroscience - The Brain and Memory Flashcards
what is ekamn’s criteria for basic emotions?
- Distinctive universal signals
- Presence in other primates
- Distinctive physiology
- Distinctive universals in antecedent events
- Rapid onset
- Brief duration
- Automatic appraisal
- Unbidden in occurence
what is mark twains definition of emotion?
any emotion, if sincere, is involuntary
what are the dual aspects of emotion?
expression and experience
what is the expression in the dual aspect of emotion?
behavioural (blushing, laughing, crying, running)
physiological (heart rate, skin conductance, neural activity)
what is experience in the dual aspect of emotion?
subjective feelings of humans - linguistic, conscious
what is emotion?
immediate responses to a specific object or situation
what is mood?
a diffuse long lasting affective state - often with unclear triggers or origins
what is emotion biologically?
emotions are biologically based responses to situations that are personally relevant
they are shaped by learning and changes in peripheral physiology
what do emotions involve changes across?
multiple response systems
what are emotions distinct from?
mood
why are emotions distinct from mood?
emotions have identifiable triggers
what could emotions be?
1) unlearned responses to stimuli after intrinsic affective properties
2) learned responses to stimuli with acquired emotional value
what are ekam’s categories?
1) well established basic emotions
2) candidate basic emotions
what are well-established basic emotions?
anger, fear, sadness, disgust, happiness, surprise
what are examples of candidate basic emotions?
shame, guilt, aw, amusement, satisfaction, relief, sensory pleasure, contempt, excitement
what does universal emotion expressions mean?
the meaning of these facial expressions are similar across all cultures
what are basic emotions?
a closed, core set of emotions, each with unique characteristics carved by evolution, reflected through facial expressions
what are complex emotions?
combinations of basic emotions, some socially and culturally learned, long lasting feelings
what is the dimensional theories of emotion?
emotions are fundamentally the same but differ along one or more dimensions such as valance and arousal in response to stimuli
what is the effect of amygdala atrophy in Urach-Wiethe disease?
no capacity for experiencing or recognising fear
what is the papez circuit?
a fundamental component of the limbic system
what is the limbic system?
the part of the brain involved in emotional and behavioural response
what are Darwin’s Principles?
1) Principle of Servicable Habits
2) Principle of Antithesis - opposite emotions to opposite behaviours
3) Principle of Expressive Habits
what is the conventional theory of emotion?
emotions have multiple components that need to be coordinated
what is an emotional generation?
physiological reaction, behavioural reaction, subject feeling
what is the amygdala known as?
emotional centre of brain
what was James Gross model of emotion?
emotions are regulated by manipluating input or output
