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APC 2023 > L2 - Health and Safety > Flashcards

L2 - Health and Safety Flashcards

1
Q

How do you safeguard employees working at height?

A
  • Comply with WAH Regulations 05
  • make sure work is properly planned, supervised and carried out by competent people.
  • avoid work at height where it is reasonably practicable to do so;
  • ensure workers can get safely to and from where they work at height;
  • ensure equipment is suitable, stable and strong enough for the job, maintained and checked regularly;
  • make sure you don’t overload or overreach when working at height;
  • take precautions when working on or near fragile surfaces;
  • Use the right ladder
  • provide protection from falling objects (safety nets, railings);
  • consider your emergency evacuation and rescue procedures.
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2
Q

What dangers does working at height pose?

A
  • falling from a ladder or roof
  • falling through a fragile surface
  • falling through a void
  • dropping something that falls on someone
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3
Q

Who to WAH regulations apply to?

A

Employer or if you control work at height

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4
Q

How do you make sure somebody is competent enough to work at height?

A

For low risk; ensure employees receive instruction/training e.g. how to tie a ladder properly

For high risk e.g. scaffolding; there are training and certification schemes by trade associations to demonstrate competence

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5
Q

What is collective protection?

A

Protection for everyone else at risk, e.g. temporary guard rail to stop things falling

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6
Q

What is personal protection?

A

Protection to the individual at height, e.g. harness correctly worn and connected

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7
Q

What should you consider when working at height?

A
  • Weather
  • Check roof etc is safe
  • Stop materials from falling
  • Store materials and objects safely so they don’t injure people if it collapses
  • Plan emergency and rescue procedures
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8
Q

What can be used to avoid working at height?

A
  • extendable rods
  • drones
  • lowering things to ground level
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9
Q

If you return to site after a big storm, what should you do before returning to WAH?

A

Do an inspection every time something happens that may affect the safety or stability of the equipment, eg adverse weather, accidental damage.

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10
Q

You are required to keep a record of any inspection for work equipment. What equipment does this include?

A
  • Guard rails
  • toe boards
  • barriers
  • working platform eg scaffolding or MEWP
  • ladder
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11
Q

How often should working platforms be inspected?

A
  • after assembly in any position
  • after event liable to affect the stability
  • at intervals not exceeding 7 days
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12
Q

What are employees responsibilities when WAH?

A
  • report hazard to employer

- use equipment and safety devices properly

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13
Q

Where can you find guidance on WAH?

A

HSE “Working at Height - A brief guide”

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14
Q

What is asbestos?

A

A group of naturally occurring minerals used in many products

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15
Q

Why was asbetsos used?

A

Strengthens materials

Fire and chemical resistance

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16
Q

Why is asbestos dangerous? How many people does it kill?

A

Asbestos fibres are microscopic. They can become stuck in lungs causing asbestosis/cancer

Kills over 100k people/year

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17
Q

What are the most commonly known asbestos types?

A
  • Chrysotile (white)
  • Amosite (brown)
  • Crocidolite (blue)
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18
Q

When was asbestos banned in the UK?

A

Crocidolite - 1970 (voluntary industrial ban)

Amosite - 1985

Chrysolite - 1999

EU banned remaining uses of chrysolite in 2002

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19
Q

WHen might you come across asbestos?

A
  • Maintenance work
  • refurbishment
  • demolition
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20
Q

Where can asbestos be found?

A
  • Spray coatings to steel beams
  • Laggings to insulate pipes etc
  • Insulating boards
  • Asbestos yarn in fire protecting clothing
  • Fibre cement for wall cladding, roofing (ACM)
  • Textures coatings and paints
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21
Q

How can you work to manage asbestos? (8)

A 
1 Know where it is
2 Record where it is
3 Complete a risk assessment
4 Create a management plan
5 Planning to work on ACMs
6 Inform those who are potentially exposed
7 Train workers
8 Investigate asbestos incidents
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22
Q

What should you do if a building constructed pre-2000 was to be demolished?

A
  • Asbestos survey

- Specialists will remove asbestos from building before demolition

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23
Q

What is the Health & Safety at work act 1974?

A

Primary legislation covering occupational health and safety in the UK

Defines the general duties of everyone from employers (section 2) and employees (section 7,8) to owners, managers and maintainers of work premises (etc) for maintaining health and safety within most workplaces.

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24
Q

Who enforces the HSWA?

A

The HSE

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25
Q

What does the HSWA require workplaces to provide? (7)

A
  • Safe working environment
  • Appropriate working environment (ventilation, lighting)
  • Welfare provisions (toilets, wash basins)
  • Comfort and sanitation
  • Training to ensure H&S procedures understood
  • Suitable provision of relevant information, instruction and supervision
  • Written record of H&S policy
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26
Q

What are the DSE regulations?

A

Display Screen Equipment Regulations

  • Carry out workstation assessments
  • Allow regular breaks
  • Provide free eyesight tests
  • Provide training
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27
Q

What are the PPE Regulations 2018?

A

Duty of the employer to provide workers with Personal Protective Equipment to reduce risk of harm

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28
Q

What is included in PPE?

A
  • Steel toe capped boots
  • High vis clothing
  • Safety helmets
  • Eye protection
  • Gloves
  • Safety harnesses
  • Respiratory protective equipment
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29
Q

Why might PPE requirements vary on different projects?

A

PPE Regulations state that there must be suitable provisions.

For example, safety goggles may not be suitable/required on a site with no hot works

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30
Q

What is the duty of the employee w/ regards to PPE?

A

TO use PPE in accordance with instruction and training

To report damage, defects or loss of equipment

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31
Q

What is RIDDOR?

A

Reporting of Injuries, Diseases and Dangerous Occurrences Regulations 2013

Whilst it’s paramount to take reasonable measures to prevent death, injury or illness in the workplace, if any of these incidents do arise from work-related activity, it’s also a requirement, under RIDDOR regulation, that they are reported formally.

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32
Q

What are the punishments for failing to comply with HSWA?

A
  • max 6 months imprisonment or an unlimited fine or both.

- On indictment, the maximum penalty is 2 years imprisonment or a fine or both.

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33
Q

What does surveying safely cover? (7)

A
  • Personal responsibilities for RICS members and corporate responsibilities for RICS regulated firms
  • Assessing hazards and risks
  • RICS members place of work
  • Occupational hygiene
  • Visiting site
  • Fire safety
  • General procurement and management of contractors
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34
Q

When can you take PPE off?

A

When you leave the site/are no longer in danger

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35
Q

What must you do when you arrive on site?

A
  • PPE on
  • Sign in
  • Site induction if I haven’t already had one
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36
Q

Who is responsible for my H&S?

A

Everyone including me/employers

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37
Q

How many people died on construction sites last year?

A

30

April 2018 - March 2019

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38
Q

What is the biggest killer in the workplace?

A

Falls from height

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39
Q

What CSCS test must you take?

A

CITB Managers and Professionals Health, Safety and Environment Test

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40
Q

What does PPE protect you from?

A

Depends on which type

Makes you more visible, hitting your head, protecting your eyes, protecting your toes

41
Q

What would you do if you saw somebody not wearing appropriate PPE?

A

Remind them of their duty under the HSWA

Inform the contractor

42
Q

Why would you let your team secretary know if you were off to site?

A

They are always office based (generally) so if anybody in the office wants to know there will be somebody there that knows where I am

It’s important somebody knows I’ve gone

43
Q

Who else would you tell when you’re leaving the office

A
  • My boss
  • My team
  • The person I am going to visit
44
Q

What are the key sections in the HSWA to me? (3)

A

a. Section 2 – general duties of Employer to their Employees
b. Section 3 – Duty of employer to non-employed persons i.e. contractors
d. Section 7 – duty of employees to take reasonable care of their own safety

45
Q

What regulations underpin the HSWA? (5)

A
  • Management of Health and Safety at Work Regulations (1999)
  • Reporting of Injuries, Disease and Dangerous Occurrences (1995)
  • Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (2002)
  • Building Regs
  • CDM Regs 2015
46
Q

When must a company have a H&S policy?

A

a. When they have five or more employees

47
Q

What must a company’s H&S policy include?

A

a. Policy statement signed by senior member of company
b. Details of the organisation’s H&S structure
c. Arrangements for H&S
d. Arrangements to audit H&S protocols

48
Q

What should a company’s H&S policy allow for?

A

a. Risk assessments
b. Reduction or elimination of risk
c. Providing a safe place to work
d. Provide appropriate protective clothing
e. Provide H&S training
f. Insure against accidents and ill health

49
Q

What are the key principles/ actions of CDM 2015? (3)

A
  • H&S principles are properly considered during design, to reduce risk.
  • F10 - where the construction work is likely to last longer than 30 working days and have more than 20 workers working simultaneously at any point, or exceed 500 person days.
  • PD prepares a H&S file.
50
Q

What’s the purpose of cdm?

A
  • To ensure that H&S is considered in the earliest stages of design.
  • Projects are designed to highest H&S standard.
51
Q

What are the roles under CDM?

A

Client
Principle Contractor
Principle Designer

52
Q

What are the requirements if a project is NOT notifiable to HSE?

A
  • Over one Contractor on site, Client has to appoint PC and PD.
  • Pre-Construction information
  • Construction Phase H&S plan
53
Q

What’s the clients role under CDM regs? (4)

A
  • Notifies HSE – 30 working days and 20 workmen or 500 person days.
  • Appoints PC and PD
  • Provides pre-construction information to tenderers.
  • Ensure welfare facilities are in place before work starts.
54
Q

What’s the PDs role under CDM regs?

A
  • Plan, manage and monitor H&S in pre-con phase.
  • Prepare a health and safety file.
  • Must be appointed if there is more than one trade contractor on site.
  • Designer must be a designer and have control of PC phase.
  • Coordinate all of the designers.
55
Q

What’s the PCs role under CDM regs?

A
  • Prepare Construction Phase Plan before construction commences (review and amend).
  • Manage H&S in construction phase.
  • Ensure all workers have site induction, PPE, work in accordance with H&S principles.
56
Q

What is the QSs role in CDM regs?

A
  • We are considered designers, as defined by CDM (above).
  • Designer is someone who has the ability to influence the design.
57
Q

What is the H&S file? & what is included? (5)

A

• Contains relevant H&S info to be taken into account during any subsequent work such as maintenance, refurbishment or demolition.
• Must be regularly updated to take account for changes.
• Information including:
o Description of the works.
o Hazards that have not been eliminated through design and construction, and how they have been addressed.
o Structural principles.
o Hazardous materials used.
o H&S info about equipment that needs maintaining.
o Services locations.
o As-built drawings.

58
Q

What is COSHH

A

• Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regs 2002
• Requirements for employers to protect employees / other persons from hazardous substances.
• Must carry out a risk assessment and prevent or control exposure.
• Types of hazard
o Chemicals
o Fumes
o Dusts
o Vapours
o Gases

59
Q

What does COSHH not cover?

A

Asbestos

Lead

60
Q

Who are the key dutyholders under CDM? (5)

A
  • Clients. (see CDM 2015 client duties)
  • Principal Designers (see CDM 2015 designer duties)
  • Designers. (see CDM 2015 designer duties)
  • Principal contractors. (see CDM 2015 principal contractor duties)
  • Contractors. (see CDM 2015 contractor duties)
61
Q

What are the 5 parts of CDM Regs?

A

Introduction
Part 1 - Commencement, interpretation and application
Part 2 - Client duties
Part 3 - Health & Safety Duties and Roles
Part 4 - General requirements for all construction sites
Part 5 - General

62
Q

What are the key sections of Surveying Safely?

A

1) Personal and corporate responsibility
2) Legal considerations
3) Assessing hazards and risks
4) Property professional
5) Occupational health
6) Visiting premises and site
7) Procurement and management of contractors and work

63
Q

Can you explain to me what is outlined in the Visiting Site Section

A
  • Before visiting premises or sites (identify hazards, bring PPE)
  • Checklist of matters to consider (incl condition of property, lone working)
  • Arriving and during visits to premises or at sites
64
Q

Can you explain to me what is outlined in the Occupational health section

A
  • Stress – ways of identifying stress and ways to deal with it.
  • Manual handling – risk assessment, implement policy.
    – risk assessment will need to carried out on following
  • Asbestos (explanation, tells to instruct survey etc)
65
Q

How does the guidance note define competence?

A

a. Having sufficient knowledge, experience and ability to carry out duties

66
Q

What needs to be provided at a ‘Place of Work’?

A

a. Toilet facilities
b. Drinking water
c. Temperature control
d. Fresh air
e. Light
f. Emergency arrangements

67
Q

What arrangements need to be incorporated into a H&S management system?

A

a. Stress
b. Alcohol and drug misuse
c. Manual handling
d. RSI
e. Noise
f. Asbestos

68
Q

Who must issue pre-construction information?

A

Client

69
Q

Who runs site induction on construction site?

A

Site H&S manager or site manager. Someone familiar with policy and has experience

70
Q

Which CSCS test should we take?

A

CITB Managers and Professionals in Health Safety and environment. Red card pre-APC, white post-APC.

71
Q

Describe what you would do prior to visiting a new site that you hadn’t been to before?

A
  • Tell people I’m leaving (boss/sec/contractor)
  • Find out where it is on a map, how to safely get there
  • Take PPE
  • Take phone
72
Q

If conducting an on-site valuation on your own you noticed that there was no edge protection next to a walkway and a steep drop what would you do?

A

Report it to a senior member of staff such as site manager to get them to fix it

Make everybody aware of the hazard (labourers in the area)

73
Q

What is the Principal Designer responsible for under CDM regulations?

A
  • Plan, manage and monitor the pre-construction phase
  • Coordinate matters relating to health and safety, so that the project can be carried out without risks to health or safety
  • Ensure designers comply with CDM duties
  • Assist the client in the provision of the pre-construction information
  • Provide pre-construction information to every designer and contractor appointed, or being considered
  • Prepare a health and safety file, and ensure it is appropriately reviewed, updated and revised due to any changes that have occurred
74
Q

Who issues Pre Construction Information?

A

Client, usually issued by the Principal Designer on behalf of the client

75
Q

What is it called when somebody has in place provisions for the death or incapacity of a sole practicioner?

A

Locum agreement

76
Q

Do you need PI insurance when you retire?

A

Yes, you will need some form of run-off cover whether provided by the firm or yourself.

It is the professional’s responsibility to ensure they are covered after retirement

77
Q

Why is cover required after you retire?

A

Because PI insurance policies are written on a ‘claims made’ basis – this means that it is the policy in force at the time a claim is notified that is the relevant policy, rather than the policy in force at the time the work was performed or the incident occurred.

78
Q

Do you have a case law example of run-off cover?

A

Merrett vs Babb

Babb’s firm had gone bust, claim made against Babb

79
Q

What’s the difference between CMD 07 and 15?

A

CDM coordinator no longer exists, PD instead

80
Q

What is a construction phase plan?

A

CDM REG REQUIREMENT

The client ensures that a construction phase plan is drawn up by the contractor if there is only one contractor, or by the principal contractor if there is more than one contractor.

Construction phase plan (CPP) records arrangements for managing significant health and safety risks associated with the construction of the project and is the basis for communicating those arrangements to those involved in the construction phase.

81
Q

What is H&S file?

A

CDM REG REQUIREMENT

Must include relevantinformationthat will be of help whenplanningfutureconstruction workand must be in a convenientform, clear, concise and easily understandable.

82
Q

What is a pre-cons pack?

A

CDM REGULATION REQUIREMENT

Client must provide info on the following asap:

  • The project.
  • Planning and management of the project.
  • Health and safety hazards, including design and construction hazards and how they will be addressed.
  • Information in any existing health and safety file’.
83
Q

What’s the biggest killer resulting from asbestos?

A

Mesothelioma

84
Q

What is the risk reduction technique defined in surveying safely?

A
  • Elimination
  • Substitution
  • Control
  • PPE
85
Q

What are the 6 pack of regulations released in 1992?

A
  • Management of H&S work 1998
  • PPE regulation
  • DSE
  • Manual Handling Operations Regulations
  • Workplace (Health, Safety and Welfare) Regulations
  • Provision and use of Work Equipment Regulations
86
Q

What are RICS requirements for firms on H&S?

A
  • safe working environment
  • safe working equipment
  • safe systems of work
  • competent staff
87
Q

What PPE did you wear on your Central London project?

A

Steel toe capped boots, hard hat and high vis

88
Q

What PPE did you wear on your Dulwich project?

A

Steel toe capped boots, hard hat and high vis, gloves, goggles

89
Q

How long does your CSCS card last?

A

5 years

90
Q

As a QS what will you do under CDM?

A

I’m classed as a designer.

Removing/flagging project risks in meetings

91
Q

What types of surveys are their for asbestos?

A
  • Management
  • Demolition/Refurbishment survey
92
Q

What height must barriers be when working at height?

A

1.1m min

93
Q

What does CSCS stand for?

A

Construction Skills Certification Scheme

94
Q

Will you need to retake your CSCS test when you qualify?

A

Yes because I’ll be professionally qualified so need that card

95
Q

How often will you need to renew your CSCS card?

A

Once every 5 years. I’m aware different cards have different expiry dates

96
Q

Generally what age of buildings are we concerned about when talking about asbestos?

A

Pre-2000 buildings

97
Q

What does CITB stand for?

A

Construction Industry Training Board

98
Q

What are the Clients duties on a project? (11)

A
  • Suitable management
  • Principal Designer.
  • Principal contractor.
  • F10
  • Sufficient time and resources for all stages.
  • PCI.
  • Verify Construction phase plan (CPP).
  • Verify welfare facilities.
  • Contractor training and supervision.
  • Ensure co-operation and co-ordination.
  • H&S file.

APC 2023 (24 decks)

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