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HTST 200 > L04 - Documents - Haitian Revolution > Flashcards

L04 - Documents - Haitian Revolution Flashcards

1
Q

What constitutes the territory of Saint-Domingue according to Article 1?

A

Saint-Domingue in its entirety, along with Samana, La Tortue, La Gonave, Les Cayemites, L’Ile-
a-Vache, La Saone, and other adjacent islands.

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2
Q

How is the territory of Saint-Domingue organized?

A

It is divided into departments, arrondissements (districts), and parishes (Article 2).

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2
Q

What distinctions are recognized among men?

A

Only distinctions based on virtue, talent, and the superiority afforded by law in public functions (Article 5).

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2
Q

What is stated about slavery in Saint-Domingue?

A

Slavery is forever abolished; all men are born, live, and die free and French (Article 3).

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2
Q

Who directs the administration of the government?

A

The Governor, who corresponds directly with the government of the Metropole on matters related to the colony’s interests (Article 27).

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3
Q

Who was nominated as Governor for life?

A

Toussaint-Louverture, in recognition of his services during the revolution and the wishes of the inhabitants (Article 28).

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3
Q

Are men of all colors eligible for employment?

A

Yes, all men are eligible for all employment regardless of color (Article 4).

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3
Q

How does the law treat individuals?

A

The law is the same for all, both in punishment and protection (Article 5).

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3
Q

How long is the term for future Governors?

A

Five years, renewable based on good administration (Article 29).

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3
Q

What special provision is made for the succession of Governor Toussaint-Louverture?

A

He has the exclusive right to designate his successor in a sealed envelope, to be opened only by the Central Assembly in the presence of military leaders (Article 30).

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3
Q

What steps follow the death of Toussaint-Louverture for the installation of a new Governor?

A

The successor, chosen by Toussaint-Louverture, must swear to uphold the Constitution and remain attached to the French government, followed by an immediate installation in front of the Central Assembly and military leaders (Article 31).

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3
Q

What obligation do military leaders have toward the new Governor?

A

They must individually and without delay swear obedience to the orders of the new Governor (Article 31).

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3
Q

Who is the author of the letter, and who is it addressed to?

A

Napoleon Bonaparte wrote the letter, addressed to Toussaint L’Ouverture.

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3
Q

What major political event is mentioned at the beginning of the letter?

A

The peace with England and all European powers, which strengthened the Republic.

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4
Q

Who is Citizen Leclerc, and what role is he assigned?

A

Citizen Leclerc, Napoleon’s brother-in-law, is sent as General to serve as the first magistrate of Saint-Domingue, accompanied by a considerable force.

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5
Q

What does Napoleon hope Toussaint L’Ouverture will demonstrate?

A

Sincerity in the sentiments Toussaint has expressed in his letters.

6
Q

What recognition does Napoleon give to Toussaint L’Ouverture?

A

Napoleon acknowledges Toussaint’s great services to the French people, crediting him and the brave blacks for the French banner flying over Saint-Domingue.

6
Q

What achievements of Toussaint are praised in the letter?

A

Ending civil war, curbing persecution by ferocious men, and restoring the honor of the cult of God.

7
Q

What critique does Napoleon give of the constitution created by Toussaint?

A

While it contains many good things, some aspects are contrary to the dignity and sovereignty of the French people.

8
Q

What does Napoleon urge Toussaint to do now that circumstances have improved?

A

Render homage to the sovereignty of the French nation.

8
Q

Under what circumstances does Napoleon find certain articles of Toussaint’s constitution justifiable?

A

When Saint-Domingue was surrounded by enemies and lacked support or supplies from the metropole.

9
Q

What does Napoleon promise to those concerned about past actions during anarchy?

A

Napoleon assures that he investigates only their conduct in wars against English and Spanish enemies, not actions during anarchy.

9
Q

What warnings does Napoleon give Toussaint about contrary conduct?

A

It would undermine his recognition and benefits from the Republic, and harm the brave blacks whose rebellion would need punishment.

10
Q

What assurances does Napoleon give regarding Toussaint’s family?

A

Napoleon expresses his sentiments to Toussaint’s children and tutor, returning them to him.

10
Q

How does Napoleon describe Toussaint’s responsibilities?

A

As the first of his color to achieve great power, Toussaint is principally responsible for the conduct of the people of Saint-Domingue before God and Napoleon.

11
Q

What is the purpose of General Leclerc’s proclamation?

A

To bring peace and happiness to Saint-Domingue in the name of the French Government.

11
Q

What sentiments does Napoleon express at the end of the letter?

A

Esteem for Toussaint and the expectation of his conduct as one of the principal citizens of the greatest nation in the world.

12
Q

Who does Leclerc accuse of having “perfidious intentions”?

A

The chiefs of the colony, including General Toussaint, who did not genuinely intend to be Frenchmen.

13
Q

What did General Toussaint do in response to Leclerc’s orders?

A

Toussaint sent back his sons with a letter expressing his desire for the colony’s happiness and readiness to obey orders but ultimately delayed and sought to gain time.

13
Q

What is the directive for officers in Article 2?

A

Officers, civil or military, who obey orders other than those from French army Generals will be treated as rebels.

13
Q

What promise does Leclerc make to the inhabitants of Saint-Domingue?

A

He promises liberty, respect for persons, and protection of property.

13
Q

How does Leclerc describe his approach to handling resistance?

A

He begins his campaign to show the force of the French Government and labels Toussaint a rebel and “insensate monster.”

13
Q

What is specified in Article 4 regarding soldiers of the demi-brigades?

A

Soldiers who abandon Toussaint’s army will be incorporated into the French army.

13
Q

What is stated in Article 1 of the proclamation?

A

General Toussaint and General Christophe are outlawed, and citizens are commanded to seize and treat them as rebels to the French Republic.

13
Q

How are agricultural laborers who were misled by rebel Generals to be treated, according to Article 3?

A

They will be treated as wandering children and sent back to work, provided they did not incite insurrection.

14
Q

Who is mentioned in Article 5, and what is their status?

A

General Augustin Clervaux, commanding the department of the Cibao, has acknowledged the French government and is maintained in his rank and command.

14
Q

What action is ordered in Article 6?

A

The General-in-chief of the Staff is to print and publish the proclamation.

14
Q

How does General Leclerc sign off the proclamation?

A

As the Captain-General commanding the army of Saint-Domingue.

HTST 200 (15 decks)

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