L 15 CVD (Social and risk factors)

Question 1

What are the respiratory conditions?

Answer 1

Asthma, COPD, bronchitis

Infection of airways

Question 2

Risk factors for CVD

Answer 2

Diet, age, high BP, ethnicity, family history, smoking, gender, deprivation, high cholesterol, inactivity, depression/isolation, stress.

Question 3

Modifiable risk factors for CVD:

Answer 3

High BP, Smoking, High cholesterol, diet, Inactivity, stress, depression/isolation.

Question 4

Risk factors for respiratory conditions

Answer 4

Age, damp housing, ethnic background, family history, smoking, cold house, deprivation

Question 5

What is the proportion of children with asthma?

Answer 5

1 in 7 has asthma

Question 6

Modifiable risk factors for respiratory conditions

Answer 6

Damp and cold housing, smoking.

Question 7

CVD is the … cause of … in NZ

Answer 7

CVD is the leading cause of death in NZ

Question 8

CVD is very … to the NZ health system

Answer 8

CVD is very expensive to the NZ health system

Question 9

What is the Guidelines of recommendations for the risk is less than <5% CVD risk?

Answer 9

Lifestyle advice
No medications
Keep monitoring or Reassess every 5-10 years (dep on % value)

Question 10

Guideline recommendations for if the risk is 5-15% CVD risk according to website?

Answer 10

Lifestyle advice
Statins or blood pressure lowering medicines suggested for those at higher end of range.
5-10 year reassessment

Question 11

Guideline recommendations for >15% CVD risk

Answer 11

Lifestyle advice
Statins or blood pressuring lowering medicines.
Reassessment annually

Question 12

Guideline recommendations for those with established CVD

Answer 12

Lifestyle advice

Pharmacotherapy for modifiable risk factors, and antiplatelet therapy for 2nd prevention.

Question 13

What are the strategies to reduced CVD risk?

Answer 13

Diet (sugar tax, health star ratings),
exercise
smoking cessation (quitline, smokefree environments),
smoke free healthy homes for children, etc.

Question 14

What is a heart attack?

Answer 14

A heart attack happens when blood stops flowing to part of your heart.

Question 15

Coronary artery disease?

Answer 15

Plaque builds up in an artery

Question 16

Angina?

Answer 16

Forming plaque: So It is harder for the blood to get through the artery

Question 17

Heart attack?

Answer 17

blood clots and block the artery.

Question 18

What might be the strategies of reducing risk of CVD for children?

Answer 18

Jump rope for heart
Schools and ece food services 
Creating smoke free zone for children
Healthy homes or good insulation
Raising awareness about the hearmfull events

Question 19

What would be the role of Pharmacist of PREVENTION of CVD?

Answer 19

BP and cholesterol monitoring
Smoking cessation
Education and advice
Weight management consultation services.

Question 20

Which of the following would be an appropriate strategy for reducing the risk of respiratory disease?

Answer 20

1. Monthly have a go day at sports in schools
2. Subsidised housing insulation in highly deprived regions
3. Increased number of rest home beds available for elderly
4. Increased number of spirometry tests in younger patients
   Answer = 2, helps directly with damp/cold housing (a risk factor)

Question 21

How can we control CVD?

Answer 21

Control alcohol intake
Stop Tobacco
Healthy dietary habit
Physical activity

Question 22

Which of the following would be considered a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease?

Answer 22

1. Stress
2. Cold or damp house
3. Ethnic background
4. Family history of hypertension.
   1 (3&4 are not modifiable and 2 is for respiratory)