Kwashiokor and Marasmus

Question 1

Define Kwashiokor

Answer 1

Severe lack of protein which is essential in pregnancy and early childhood development. It is common in poverty stricken areas. Child is irritable

Question 2

Define Marasmus

Answer 2

Loss of muscle mass and fat, due to poverty and food scarcity. Can be caused by premature birth and baby failing to latch. Child is very lethargic

Question 3

Kwashiokor details

Answer 3

Young children and babies
Weight loss
Edema, swelling of hands and feet
Dehydration
Stomach bulging
Diarrhea
Orange hair
Low protein intake

Question 4

Marasmus details

Answer 4

Weaning babies
Inability to grow/gain weight
Stomach shrinkage
Anemia
Low kilojoule intake

Question 5

Treatment and prevention of Kwashiokor/Marasmus

Answer 5

Adequate and varied diet
Public education
Treat underlying deficiencies and viruses
Skimmed milk formula with sanitised water
Add sunflower oil to milk to increase energy content
Then add solids such as cereals and mince
More severe cases mean slower food increases
Improper physical and mental development may occur even if treated
Reoccur if living conditions are not improved