Anaemia Flashcards

1
Q

Define the term Anaemia

A

Anaemia is a condition caused by a lack of haemoglobin in the red blood cells due to a shortage of iron, vitamin B12 and vitamin B9

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2
Q

Where are red blood cells made

A

Red blood cells are made in the bone marrow and they contain haemoglobin

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3
Q

Describe the severity of Anaemia

A

There are short and long term variations of anaemia as well as mild to severe cases

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4
Q

Is Anaemia fatal

A

Long term Anaemia is fatal as it causes damage to the heart, brain and other important organs

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5
Q

What Anaemia symptoms result in physical pain

A
  1. Leg cramps
  2. Headache
  3. Chest pain
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6
Q

What are visible symptoms of Anaemia

A
  1. Cold hands
  2. Yellowish skin
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7
Q

What are symptoms of Anemia that the suffer will feel but others cant see

A
  1. Fatigue
  2. Insomnia
  3. Dizziness
  4. Irregular heartbeats
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8
Q

Main causes of Anaemia

A
  1. Blood loss
  2. Severe menstrual bleeding
  3. Internal bleeding
  4. Surgery
  5. Ulcers
  6. Cancer
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9
Q

Causes of Anemia relating to the insufficient production of red blood cells

A
  1. Poor iron absorption due to medication or diarrhea
  2. HIV/AIDS due to medication or infections
  3. Iron deficiency
  4. Poor diet
  5. Young children due to rapid growth and poor iron in the diet
  6. Pregnancy due to low iron and folic acid
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10
Q

Vitamins and minerals needed for a balanced diet to prevent Anemia

A

Folic Acid (B9), Copper, Cobalamin (B12), Iron, Ascorbic Acid (C), B6, Niacin (B3)

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11
Q

Why are vegetarians at risk for Anaemia

A

Their diet is naturally low in Cobalamin

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12
Q

What are three ways of preventing and managing Anaemia

A
  1. Iron supplements
  2. Medical procedures
  3. Including a variety of vitamins and minerals in the diet
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13
Q

List foods that help to prevent and manage Anaemia

A
  1. Red meats
  2. Organ meats (liver and kidney)
  3. Poultry
  4. Citrus and fruit juices (Folic acid and Vit C)
  5. Dried fruit
  6. Bananas
  7. Iron enriched cereals
  8. Beans, lentils and legumes
  9. Dark green leafy vegetables
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14
Q

Which drinks hinder iron absorption

A
  1. Tea
  2. Coffee
  3. Fizzy drinks
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15
Q

Compare and contrast haem iron and non-haem iron

A

Haem iron is found in meat, fish and poultry. Non-haem iron is found in plants. Haem iron is easier to digest

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16
Q

What are the benefits to treating Anaemia

A
  1. Increase energy and activity levels
  2. Improve quality of life and life expectancy
17
Q

In severe cases what is needed to treat Anaemia

A

A blood transfusion

18
Q

Why do babies with a low birth weight need to be monitored for Anaemia

A

Babies need iron as they grow very rapidly, if they have low iron levels their body can’t sustain growth and they develop anaemia

19
Q

What do pregnant women lack after giving birth that put them at risk for anaemia

A
  1. Iron
  2. Folic acid
20
Q

Why are teenage girls at risk for anaemia

A

They lose blood and iron every month when they menstruate