Food security Flashcards
Define food security
The availability of sufficient, safe, nutritious food and ones access to it for present and future generations to support an active, healthy life
Food defined as a human right
The SA constitution defines that everyone has a right to sufficient food and water
Sufficient, safe, fresh food
Culturally and religiously appropriate
Accessible
Affordable
Sustainable for present and future
Clean water
List the four components of food security
Food availability
Food access and effective demand
Food use to ensure reliability of end product
Food distribution
Explain food availability
Effective supply of food, in sufficient quantities at national and household level
Explain food access and effective demand
Ability to acquire sufficient food by having enough resources to get appropriate food and water for a nutritious diet on a sustainable level
Explain food use to ensure reliability of end product
Use and consumption must be based on knowledge of nutrition, care and sanitation
Explain food distribution
Food provided at points of demand at the right place and time
Why is food not available in some households
Unemployment - poverty
Low income
Limited social services
Insufficient information around hygiene and nutrition
High HIV/AIDS rates
Food security in South Africa
Food secure nation - enough food is produced
Not always accessible
20% of households do not have enough food
Threats to food security in South Africa
Increased food price - lower production of staple food, land claims, climate change, farmers make more from exporting, labour is expensive
Increased oil/petrol price - increased production and labour costs, passed onto consumer
Political instability - economic crisis, wars, lack of agricultural inputs
Food exported by South Africa
Maize
Wheat
Wine
Seafood
Fruit
Nuts
Sugar
Soya bean oil
Aquaculture - abalone
Food imported by South Africa
Meat
Poultry
Wheat
Maize
Soya beans
Why import foods
Cheaper than producing locally
Agricultural sector might not produce enough for local consumption
Unavailability in seasons
Self sufficiency and food security
Cheaper to produce own food
Health and quality reasons
Most still have to buy food from retailers
Challenges facing South Africa with food security
Ensuring availability
Matching income to price
Food choices
Safety nets and food emergency systems for natural disasters
World action plan for food security
Land reform
Processing, storage and transportation of food
Development and micro-finance
Developing infrastructure
Human Resource Training - education and training
Research and technological development
International and local trading
Social Security Grant/Monetary Policies
Ailments relating to hunger and malnutrition
Food legislation
Food strategy in South Africa is called
Integrated Food Security Strategy (IFSS)
Explain the Integrated Food Security Strategy
Aim: to attain universal access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food for all South Africans
Reason: so that people can meet their dietary needs and be active and healthy
What do feeding schemes aim to do
Provide HIV/AIDS patients with healthy food parcels
Help people develop sustainable vegetable gardens to feed themselves and create an income
Help schools feed less fortunate children
Explain the National School Nutrition Program
Enhances children’s active learning capacity
Alleviates short-term hunger
Provides an incentive for children to attend school
Addresses micro-nutrient deficiencies
How are schools selected for feeding schemes
Impoverished communities
Feed Gr R to 7
Feed them for 156 out of 196 school days
Children in urban areas only receive 56% of what they should receive, but receive it regularly
Children in rural areas sometimes don’t receive food
How do the feeding schemes work
Menu that does not need cooking - food enriched with nutrients (brown bread, margarine, peanut butter, jam, powdered milkshake supplement)
Parents say food disappears cause of corruption/theft
No system of accountability - some parents believe only for the unemployed
Schools do not operate properly
Trucks can’t reach destination in rainy season
Schools without water say children have become ill from the milkshakes
