Food security Flashcards
Define food security
The availability of sufficient, safe, nutritious food and ones access to it for present and future generations to support an active, healthy life
Food defined as a human right
The SA constitution defines that everyone has a right to sufficient food and water
Sufficient, safe, fresh food
Culturally and religiously appropriate
Accessible
Affordable
Sustainable for present and future
Clean water
List the four components of food security
Food availability
Food access and effective demand
Food use to ensure reliability of end product
Food distribution
Explain food availability
Effective supply of food, in sufficient quantities at national and household level
Explain food access and effective demand
Ability to acquire sufficient food by having enough resources to get appropriate food and water for a nutritious diet on a sustainable level
Explain food use to ensure reliability of end product
Use and consumption must be based on knowledge of nutrition, care and sanitation
Explain food distribution
Food provided at points of demand at the right place and time
Why is food not available in some households
Unemployment - poverty
Low income
Limited social services
Insufficient information around hygiene and nutrition
High HIV/AIDS rates
Food security in South Africa
Food secure nation - enough food is produced
Not always accessible
20% of households do not have enough food
Threats to food security in South Africa
Increased food price - lower production of staple food, land claims, climate change, farmers make more from exporting, labour is expensive
Increased oil/petrol price - increased production and labour costs, passed onto consumer
Political instability - economic crisis, wars, lack of agricultural inputs
Food exported by South Africa
Maize
Wheat
Wine
Seafood
Fruit
Nuts
Sugar
Soya bean oil
Aquaculture - abalone
Food imported by South Africa
Meat
Poultry
Wheat
Maize
Soya beans
Why import foods
Cheaper than producing locally
Agricultural sector might not produce enough for local consumption
Unavailability in seasons
Self sufficiency and food security
Cheaper to produce own food
Health and quality reasons
Most still have to buy food from retailers
Challenges facing South Africa with food security
Ensuring availability
Matching income to price
Food choices
Safety nets and food emergency systems for natural disasters
