HIV/AIDS Flashcards
Expand the acronym HIV
Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Expand the acronym AIDS
Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Define the term HIV
HIV is a disease that reduces the effectiveness of the immune system by destroying T-cells, making the body susceptible to infections.
Define the term AIDS
HIV progresses to AIDS once a person’s T-cell count is too low to fight off infections. The immune system is weakened and makes the person vulnerable to opportunistic infections
What is the T-cell count required for a person to have AIDS
Less than 200 per 3ml of blood
List three early symptoms indicative of HIV
- Flu-like illness
- Rash
- Swollen glands
Describe the symptoms that could indicate a HIV infection
- Flu-like illness
- Rash
- Swollen glands
- Being sick often, with long recovery times
- Natal sores and mouth ulcers
- It becomes obvious you can no longer fight off diseases
Name 6 non-sexual ways of becoming infected with HIV
- Breastfeeding
- Contact sports
- Blood transfusions
- Dirty needles
- Pregnancy
- Birth
Through which bodily fluids can HIV be transmitted
Fluids such as blood, semen and vaginal secretions
True or False: An HIV test is the only way of knowing you have HIV
True
What is the function of ARV medication
ARVs help prevent HIV from becoming AIDS
Expand on the acronym ARVs
Antiretroviral drugs
What is a common reason that people with HIV/AIDS suffer poor mental health
- Fear and uncertainty from having the disease
- Stigma surrounding the disease
Name 4 physical symptoms of ARVs
- Lack of energy and strength
- Weightloss
- Nausea
- Dehydration
Explain the term lipodystrophy
Lipodystrophy is weightloss that occurs in the limbs but not in the midsection
What are “hidden” symptoms of ARVs
- Insulin resistance
- Increased cholesterol
Name the Vitamins a person with HIV needs in their diet, and 2 sources of each
Vitamin C - guava and tomatoes
Vitamin B12 - beef and poultry
Vitamin A - eggs and fish
Vitamin B6 - bananas and beans
Vitamin E - nuts and margarine
Name the minerals a person with HIV needs in their diet, and 2 sources of each
Selenium - fish and eggs
Zinc - fish and dairy products
Iron - liver and chicken
Flavonoids - fruit and vegetables
Phytosterols - fruit and vegetables, undigestable fibres
Name the macronutrients and 2 sources of each a person with HIV needs in their diet
Proteins - fish and nuts
Unsaturated fats - nuts and seeds
Carbohydrates - pasta and bread
What is the function of protein (HIV/AIDS)
Builds and stregthens the immune system
Prevents loss of muscle tissue
What is the function of Vitamin A (HIV/AIDS)
Keeps skin, mucous membranes in lungs and digestive tract healthy
Antioxidant that prevents damage to cells
Supports the immune system
What is the function of Vitamin B (HIV/AIDS)
Supports the nervous system
Supports the immune system
Helps release energy from macronutrients such as carbohydrates
What is the function of Vitamin C (HIV/AIDS)
Supports the immune system
Antioxidant that prevents damage to cells
What is the function of Vitamin E (HIV/AIDS)
Antioxidant that prevents damage to cells
Supports the immune system
What is the function of Selenium (HIV/AIDS)
Antioxidant that prevents damage to cells
Supports the immune system
Helps to activate T-cells
What is the function of Zinc (HIV/AIDS)
Supports the immune system
What is the function of iron (HIV/AIDS)
Maintains the immune system
What is the function of Flavonoids (HIV/AIDS)
Antioxidant that prevents damage to cells
Supports the immune system
What is the function of Phytosterols (HIV/AIDS)
Support the immune system
Reduces cholesterol by binding to it in the gut and allowing it to be passed
List 5 lifestyle changes needed to manage HIV/AIDS, relating to diet
- Eat lots of small meals
- Eat more kilojoules than normally needed for a person your weight
- Eat a variety of raw fruit and vegetables
- Eat a balanced diet
- Drink lots of clean, safe water
List 3 general lifestyle changes a person with HIV/AIDS should make
- Get lots of sleep
- Exercise regularly to stimulate the appetite
- Reduce stress and anxiety
