Knee Part 4 Flashcards
IT Band runs from fascia over _____________ to ___________
TFL, glut. max., and glut. med. mm
to
lat. intermuscular septum and anterolat. tibia
ITB moves _______ to knee joint axis during knee extesnion and ________ during knee flexion
anterior, posterior
What remains consistently taut regardless of hip or knee position
ITB
In full extension, ITB helps ______ to check _______
ACL
Posterior femoral or anterior tibial translation
In flex., ITB helps ____________ to check ant. displacement of tibia
LCL, popliteal tendon, and ACL
Tight ITB
Snaps over the lateral condyle of the femur during
flexion and extension of the knee
TIght ITB can be painful in
runners
people who frequently squat
Secondary Knee Flexors
- Sartorius*
- Gracilis*
- Popliteus*
- Gastrocnemius
- Plantaris
VMO creates an
- Creates an oblique pull on the patella to keep it in the trochlear groove
- Tibial on femoral knee extension external moment arm of the weight of the lower leg increases from
90-0 of knee flexion
- Femoral on tibial knee extension external moment arm of the upper body weight
decreases from 90º-0º of knee flexion
External torques are relatively large from ______ of flexion via femoral on tibial extension and from _______ of flexion via tibial on femoral extension
90-45, 45-0
Pes Muscles Function
Internal rotators of the knee
Provide significant dynamic stability to the knee
Pes Muscles Function
Contraction of these muscles resist
External rotation of the knee
Valgus forces on the knee
Closed chain: avoid full
knee flexion (deep squats)
Open chain: avoid
60 to 0 (full extension) knee resistance exercises (such as sitting isotonic knee extensions against resistance)
Tibial on Femoral Extension Arthrokinematics
The articular surface of the tibia rolls and slides anteriorly on the femoral condyles (concave on convex)
Femoral on Tibial Extension Arthrokinematics
The femoral condyles simultaneously roll anteriorly and slide posteriorly on the articular surface of the tibia (convex on concave)
Tibia slides ______ on femur during flexion
posteriorly
Tibia rotates medially during flexion
Tibia slides _______ on femur during extension
anteriorly
Tibia rotates laterally during extension
Closed Chain Arthrokinematics
Flexion
femur posterior roll
anterior slide
femur rotates laterally
Closed Chain Extension
Roll anteriorly slide posteriorly
Femur rotates medially
IR arthrokinematics
Internal spinning of tibia on femur
External spinning of femur on tibia
ER Arthrokinematics
- External spinning of tibial on femur
- Internal spinning of femur on tibia
NORMAL VALGUS
Angle formed at knee joint by
170-175°
femoral and tibial longitudinal axes
Increased Knee Angle
Genu Varum
>180
Decreased Knee Angle
Genu Valgum (knock knee)
<170
Q Angle formed by
- From ASIS to center of patella
- Center of the patella to the tibial tuberosity
Normal Q angle Males
8-14
Female Q Angle
15-17
Q angles >20 considered
abnormal
Genu Varus
Decreased Q Angle
Compressed medially
Tension Laterally
Genu Valgus
Q angle is increased
Compressed laterally
tension medially
- Genu Recurvatum
Laxity and hypermobility of knee joint in
posterior direction
Genu Recurvatum
Lack of
muscular control
Genu Recurvatum
________ of knee
Increase in ________ compression
Increase in ________ tension
hyperextension
anterior
posterior
