Knee

Question 1

Knee is a _______ joint
____ DOF
Allows

Answer 1

modified hinge
2 DOF
Flex/Ext, ER/IR

Question 2

Politeal Fossa Boundaries

Answer 2

Superolaterally: Biceps Femoris
Supermedially: Semitendinosus/Semimembranosus
Inferiorly: Gastroc

Question 3

Popliteal Fossa Contents

Answer 3

tibial nerve

common fibular nerve

popliteal artery and vein

Question 4

Tibiofemoral Joint Articulation

Answer 4

convex femoral condyles

concave tibial condyles and menisci

Question 5

tibia on femur

Answer 5

concave on convex

Question 6

Femur on tibia

Answer 6

convex on concave

Question 7

Open pack position tibiofemoral

Answer 7

25 deg flexion

Question 8

CPP Tibiofemoral

Answer 8

full extension, ER of tibia

Question 9

Capsular pattern Tibiofemoral Joint

Answer 9

flexion more limited than extension

Question 10

Knee Flexion End Feel

Answer 10

Tissue approximation (soft)

secondary to contact of muscle bulk of calf and thigh, or heel and buttocks

Question 11

• Muscle tension or tightness of quads can result in a (end feel)

Answer 11

tissue stretch end feel

Question 12

Knee Extension End Feel

Answer 12

Tissue stretch (aka “firm” or “capsular”) secondary to stretch of joint capsule and ligaments

Question 13

Flexion ROM TF Joint

Answer 13

130-150

Question 14

Hyperextension TF Joint

Answer 14

5-15 beyond 0

Question 15

For Flexion/Extension M-L axis of rotation migrates (moves) within the

Answer 15

femoral condyles

Question 16

TF Joint: Internal-External (Axial) Rotation increases with

Answer 16

knee in flexion

Question 17

With knee flexed at 90, total motion for ER/IR is

Answer 17

40-45 deg
2:1 ER versus IR

Question 18

Axial rotation of knee is based on the position of tibial tuberosity relative to

Answer 18

anterior distal femur

Question 19

ER tibial tuberosity is

Answer 19

lateral to anterior femur

Question 20

IR tibial tuberosity is

Answer 20

medial to anterior femur

Question 21

Tibia can rotate internally or externally relative to a

Answer 21

stationary femur

Question 22

Femur can rotate internally or externally relative to a

Answer 22

stationary tibia

Question 23

Knee must be flexed to maximize independent ______ between the tibia and femur

Answer 23

axial rotation

Question 24

Knee internal and External Rotation Involves a spin between the

Answer 24

menisci and the articular surfaces of the tibia and femur

Question 25

The menisci are stabilized by

Answer 25

popliteus and semimembranosus muscles (have attachments to menisci)

Question 26

To unlock fully extended knee in open chain kinematics —> the joint must first

Answer 26

internally rotate first

Question 27

Unlocking the knee, action is driven by the

Answer 27

popliteus muscle (“the key to the knee” because it “unlocks” the knee)

Question 28

Migration of the axis for flexion/extension during movement of the knee is known as the

Answer 28

evolute

Question 29

Locking the knee in full extension requires

Answer 29

10 deg of tibial ER

Question 30

Locking the knee tightens the

Answer 30

cruciates

Question 31

Tibial-on-femoral knee extension (”open chain”): knee locks into extension as

Answer 31

tibia ER relative to a fixed femur

Question 32

Femoral-on-tibial knee extension (“close chain”) knee locks into extension as

Answer 32

femur IR relative to a fixed tibia

Question 33

“Screw Home” Mechanism of Extension Shape of the medial femoral condyle curves about ___ degrees laterally as it approaches the ________

Answer 33

30 trochlear groove

Question 34

"Screw Home” Mechanism of Extension ACL tension helps pull

Answer 34

tibia into full extension

Question 35

“Screw Home” Mechanism of Extension Lateral line of pull of the

Answer 35

quadriceps

Question 36

Proximal Tibiofibular Articulation

Answer 36

Proximal tibia (convex) and fibula (concave)

Question 37

Distal Tibiofibular Articulation

Answer 37

Tibia (concave) and fibula (convex)

Question 38

DF Osteokinematics

Answer 38

fibula moves proximally and slightly posteriorly away from the tibia

Question 39

PF Osteokinematics

Answer 39

fibula moves distally and slightly anteriorly away from the tibia

Question 40

Inversion Osteokinematics

Answer 40

fibula moves distally and slightly posteriorly

Question 41

Eversion osteokinematics

Answer 41

fibula moves proximally and slightly anteriorly