Ankle Part 2 Flashcards
Anterior Compartment Neurovasculature strcutures
- The deep fibular (peroneal) nerve (L5-S2)
The anterior tibial artery
Posterior Compartment of Leg
Neurovasculature
- The tibial nerve
- The posterior tibial artery
- The fibular (peroneal) artery
Lateral Compartment of Leg
Neurovasculature
- The superficial fibular (peroneal) nerve L4-S1
- Perforating branches of the anterior tibial and fibular arteries
- Order of Tendons/Neurovasculature in medial ankle
Anterior to posterior
- Tibialis posterior
- FDL
- Posterior Tibial Artery
- Tibial Nerve
- Flexor Hallucis Longus
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
area where the tibial nerve can get trapped due to a lot of flexion
L1 Dermatome
anterior aspect of groin
L2 Dermatome
anterior aspect of leg
L3 Dermatome
Middle of thigh, medial knee, medial upper aspect of leg
L4 Dermatome
Anterior knee, anterior leg, medial malleolus, medial foot, big toe
L5 Dermatome
Lateral leg, dorsum of feet, middle 3 toes
S1 Dermatome
Little toe, lateral malleolus, posterolateral aspect of leg and buttock
S2 Dermatome
Posteromedial leg and buttock
S3,4,5 Dermatome
very small region in the gluteal area
Saphenous Nerve
Anteromedial aspect of leg and foot
Lateral Sural Cutaneous
anterolateral upper lateral leg
Superficial Fibular
lower lateral part of leg, dorsum of foot
Deep Fibular
space between first and second toe
Sural Nerve
posterior lateral leg
Plantar Nerve
branch of tibial nerve, supplying sole of foot
Patellar Tendon Reflex
L4
Achilles Tendon Reflex
S1
Med. to STJ axis:
supination torques at STJ
Lat. to STJ axis:
pronation torques at STJ
Anterior compartment Tendons medial to lateral
tendon of tibialis anterior, tendon of EHL, tendons of EDL
Tibialis Anterior also
supinates STJ and transverse tarsal jt
Lateral compartment muscles
Pass _______ to STJ axis
Primary _______ at STJ
lateral
Pronators
Lateral compartment muscles
In late stance pahse, these muscles
- facilitate transfer of weight from lat. to med. side of foot and stabilize the 1st ray, facilitating pronation twist of TMT joints
Gastroc, Soleus
These mm. help lock foot into a
rigid lever via supination of STJ and transverse tarsal jt. before going into swing phase
Gastroc, Soleus
These mm. eccentrically control
DF while also supinating STJ after foot is loaded in stance
Soleus (Type 1 fibers) prevents
postural swaying too far forward
Gastrocnemius (Type 2 Fibers) generates and
shuts off tension quickly
If DF is limited with knee extension and increased with knee flexion —>
gastroc is tight
When DF is limited with knee extension and flexion —>
soleus is tight
- Intrinsic Muscles
- Most Important Function
- Stabilizers of the toes during gait
- Dynamic supporters of transverse and longitudinal arches during gait
1st layer
- Abductor halluces
- Abductor digiti minimi
- Flexor digitorum brevis
2nd Layer
- Flexor digitorum accessorius (quadratus plantae)
- Lumbricals
3rd Layer
Flexor hallucis brevis
Flexor digiti minimi brevis
Adductor hallucis
4th layer
Dorsal interossei
Plantar interossei
Dorsum of the Foot
Extensor digitorum brevis + Extensor hallucis brevis
