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Anatomy and kinanthropometry > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones of the knee?

A

Femur Tibia Fibula Patella

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2
Q

During extension what does the patella do?

A

Glides proximally

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3
Q

During flexion what does the patella do?

A

Glides distally

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4
Q

When is patella compression greatest?

A

At end range of flexion

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5
Q

What is the patella covered in?

A

Cartilage

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6
Q

What is the largest sesamoid bone in the bone?

A

Patella

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7
Q

What is the patella joint called?

A

Patellofemoral joint

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8
Q

Where does the patella lie?

A

On the anterior aspect of distal femur

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9
Q

What is the patella held in place by?

A

Quadriceps tendon and patella tendon

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10
Q

What does the menisci provide for the femur bone?

A

A snug fit

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11
Q

What does the menisci convert the tibial surface into?

A

A shallow socket

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12
Q

What provides most of the support for the knee?

A

Ligaments

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13
Q

In the knee how much support or structure is from the bones?

A

Little

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14
Q

What are the primary functions of the meniscal?

A

Load distribution Joint stability Shock absorption

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15
Q

What are the secondary functions of the meniscal?

A

Joint lubrication Articular cartilage nutrition Proprioceptive feedback

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16
Q

What way does the medial and lateral meniscus slope?

A

Slopes up Slopes down

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17
Q

Is the medial or lateral ligament more likely to be damaged?

A

Medial meniscus

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18
Q

Describe the medial collateral ligament of the ligament

A

Broad Long Thick Strong

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19
Q

What is the medial collateral ligament of the knee attached to?

A

Capsule and medial menisci

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20
Q

What is the function of the medial collateral ligament in the knee?

A

Limits full extension and therefore helps with locking

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21
Q

Describe the lateral collateral ligament of the knee

A

Thick Cordlike

22
Q

Is the lateral collateral ligament of the knee attached to joint structures?

23
Q

What is the function of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee?

A

Limits full extension and therefore helps with locking

24
Q

What is the function of the oblique popiteal ligament?

A

Limits full extension and therefore helps with locking

25
What is the medial collateral ligament primary role?
Prevent against valgus force and external rotation of the tibia
26
In flexion what happens to the MCL fibrers?
The anterior fibers are taut
27
In extension what happens to the MCL fibrers?
They are fully taut
28
In mid range movement what happens to the MCL fibrers?
The posterior fibers are taut
29
What is the primary role of the LCL?
Protect from varus forces
30
In extension what happens to the LCL fibrers?
They are taut
31
In flexion (especilly after 30°) what happens to the LCL fibrers?
They are loose
32
Where is the ACLs origin and insertion?
Origin- Anterior tibia Insertion- Lateral femur
33
Where is the MCLs origin and insertion?
Origin- Posterior tibia Insertion- Medial femur
34
How many bundles make up the ACL?
2
35
During what degrees of flexion is the least stress on the ACL?
30-60 degrees
36
When is the one time the posterior lateral bundle of the ACL tight?
During extension
37
What is the function of the ACL?
Helps prevent anterior movement of the tibia Hyper-extension Twisting of the tibia and femur
38
What cause injury to the ACL?
Rotation of the knee Hyperextension
39
What are the types of ACL tears?
Partial Avulsion (ripped of the bone) Complete
40
What is the function of the PCL?
Primary stabilizer of the knee against posterior movement of the tibia on the femur Prevents Hyperflexion and hyperextension
41
What happens to the PCL fibers at 30 degrees?
Taut
42
What happens to the posterior lateral fibers during early flexion?
They become loose
43
How much stronger is the PCL that the ACL?
120-150% greater cross sectional area
44
What is the function of the bursae of the knee joint?
Reduce friction between ligament and muscle moving against skin and bone
45
Name the features of the femur
1. Lateral epicondyle 2. Lateral condyle 3. Medial condyle 4. Medial epicondyle 5. Intercondylar fossa
46
Name the joint
Tibiofibular joint
47
Name the features of the patella
1. Base 2. Apex
48
Label the features of the knee
1. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL) 2. Lateral memiscus 3. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) 4. Medial meniscus
49
Name the muscles
1. Vastus lateralis 2. Vastus intermedius 3. Vastus medialis
50
Name the muscles
1. Vastus lateralis 2. Rectus femoris 3. Vastus medialis
51

Anatomy and kinanthropometry (15 decks)

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