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Anatomy and kinanthropometry > Knee > Flashcards

Knee Flashcards

1
Q

What are the bones of the knee?

A

Femur Tibia Fibula Patella

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2
Q

During extension what does the patella do?

A

Glides proximally

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3
Q

During flexion what does the patella do?

A

Glides distally

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4
Q

When is patella compression greatest?

A

At end range of flexion

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5
Q

What is the patella covered in?

A

Cartilage

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6
Q

What is the largest sesamoid bone in the bone?

A

Patella

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7
Q

What is the patella joint called?

A

Patellofemoral joint

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8
Q

Where does the patella lie?

A

On the anterior aspect of distal femur

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9
Q

What is the patella held in place by?

A

Quadriceps tendon and patella tendon

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10
Q

What does the menisci provide for the femur bone?

A

A snug fit

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11
Q

What does the menisci convert the tibial surface into?

A

A shallow socket

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12
Q

What provides most of the support for the knee?

A

Ligaments

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13
Q

In the knee how much support or structure is from the bones?

A

Little

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14
Q

What are the primary functions of the meniscal?

A

Load distribution Joint stability Shock absorption

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15
Q

What are the secondary functions of the meniscal?

A

Joint lubrication Articular cartilage nutrition Proprioceptive feedback

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16
Q

What way does the medial and lateral meniscus slope?

A

Slopes up Slopes down

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17
Q

Is the medial or lateral ligament more likely to be damaged?

A

Medial meniscus

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18
Q

Describe the medial collateral ligament of the ligament

A

Broad Long Thick Strong

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19
Q

What is the medial collateral ligament of the knee attached to?

A

Capsule and medial menisci

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20
Q

What is the function of the medial collateral ligament in the knee?

A

Limits full extension and therefore helps with locking

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21
Q

Describe the lateral collateral ligament of the knee

A

Thick Cordlike

22
Q

Is the lateral collateral ligament of the knee attached to joint structures?

A

No

23
Q

What is the function of the lateral collateral ligament of the knee?

A

Limits full extension and therefore helps with locking

24
Q

What is the function of the oblique popiteal ligament?

A

Limits full extension and therefore helps with locking

25
Q

What is the medial collateral ligament primary role?

A

Prevent against valgus force and external rotation of the tibia

26
Q

In flexion what happens to the MCL fibrers?

A

The anterior fibers are taut

27
Q

In extension what happens to the MCL fibrers?

A

They are fully taut

28
Q

In mid range movement what happens to the MCL fibrers?

A

The posterior fibers are taut

29
Q

What is the primary role of the LCL?

A

Protect from varus forces

30
Q

In extension what happens to the LCL fibrers?

A

They are taut

31
Q

In flexion (especilly after 30°) what happens to the LCL fibrers?

A

They are loose

32
Q

Where is the ACLs origin and insertion?

A

Origin- Anterior tibia Insertion- Lateral femur

33
Q

Where is the MCLs origin and insertion?

A

Origin- Posterior tibia Insertion- Medial femur

34
Q

How many bundles make up the ACL?

A

2

35
Q

During what degrees of flexion is the least stress on the ACL?

A

30-60 degrees

36
Q

When is the one time the posterior lateral bundle of the ACL tight?

A

During extension

37
Q

What is the function of the ACL?

A

Helps prevent anterior movement of the tibia Hyper-extension Twisting of the tibia and femur

38
Q

What cause injury to the ACL?

A

Rotation of the knee Hyperextension

39
Q

What are the types of ACL tears?

A

Partial Avulsion (ripped of the bone) Complete

40
Q

What is the function of the PCL?

A

Primary stabilizer of the knee against posterior movement of the tibia on the femur Prevents Hyperflexion and hyperextension

41
Q

What happens to the PCL fibers at 30 degrees?

A

Taut

42
Q

What happens to the posterior lateral fibers during early flexion?

A

They become loose

43
Q

How much stronger is the PCL that the ACL?

A

120-150% greater cross sectional area

44
Q

What is the function of the bursae of the knee joint?

A

Reduce friction between ligament and muscle moving against skin and bone

45
Q

Name the features of the femur

A
  1. Lateral epicondyle
  2. Lateral condyle
  3. Medial condyle
  4. Medial epicondyle
  5. Intercondylar fossa
46
Q

Name the joint

A

Tibiofibular joint

47
Q

Name the features of the patella

A
  1. Base
  2. Apex
48
Q

Label the features of the knee

A
  1. Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL)
  2. Lateral memiscus
  3. Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL)
  4. Medial meniscus
49
Q

Name the muscles

A
  1. Vastus lateralis
  2. Vastus intermedius
  3. Vastus medialis
50
Q

Name the muscles

A
  1. Vastus lateralis
  2. Rectus femoris
  3. Vastus medialis
51
Q
A

Anatomy and kinanthropometry (15 decks)

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