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Anatomy and kinanthropometry > Blood vessels > Flashcards

Blood vessels Flashcards

1
Q

What way do arteries carry blood?

A

Away from the heart Pulmonary truck to lungs Aorta to everything else

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2
Q

What is mircocirculation?

A

Where exchange occurs

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3
Q

What do the arterioles feed?

A

Capillaries

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4
Q

What do capillaries exchange with?

A

Tissue

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5
Q

What receives blood from the capillaries?

A

Venules

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6
Q

What do veins do?

A

Bring blood back to the heart

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7
Q

What is the tunica interna continuous with?

A

Endothelium

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8
Q

What is the tunica media made of and why?

A

Smooth muscle Critical in the control of blood pressure

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9
Q

What does the tunica externa contain?

A

Vasa vasorum nerve fibres Lymphatics Elastin fibres

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10
Q

Why do the elastic arteries have a large lumen?

A

Allow low-resistance conduction of blood

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11
Q

Why do all three tunics contain elastin?

A

Withstand and smooth out large blood pressure fluctuations

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12
Q

Where are muscular arteries in relation to elastic arteries?

A

Distal

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13
Q

What do muscular arteries do?

A

Deliver blood to body organs

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14
Q

Describe muscular arteries

A

Thick tunica media with smooth muscle

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15
Q

When are muscular arteries active?

A

During vasoconstriction

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16
Q

Where do arterioles lead?

A

To capillary beds

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17
Q

Describe the shape and function of arterioles

A

Smallest arteries Control flow into the capillary beds

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18
Q

How does the arterioles control blood flow?

A

Via vasodilation and constriction.

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19
Q

What occurs in the blood vessels?

A

exchange between blood and cells takes place

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20
Q

How are blood vessels organised?

A

Into interconnected capillary beds.

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21
Q

Why does the blood vessels contain pre-capillary sphincters and what are they?

A

Controls the blood into the capillary bed They are bands of smooth muscle

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22
Q

Describe capillaries

A

Smallest blood vessels Consisting of a thin tunica interna, one cell thick

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23
Q

How many RBC can pass through the capillaries a time?

A

One RBC at a time

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24
Q

What is on the outer surface of the capillaries and why?

A

Pericytes, to stabilize their wall

25
Q

What are the three structural types of capillaries?

A

Continuous Fenestrated Sinusoids

26
Q

Describe continuous capillaries

A

They are an uninterrupted lining

27
Q

Where are continuous capillaries abundant?

A

In the skin and muscle

28
Q

What do intercellular clefts (gap in the capillary) allow?

A

The passage of fluids

29
Q

In the continuous capillaries of the brain, what junctions are completely around the endothelium?

A

Tight

30
Q

What constitute the blood-brain barrier?

A

Continuous capillaries of the brain.

31
Q

Where are fenestrated capillaries found?

A

Small intestines Endocrine glands Kidneys

32
Q

What do fenestrated capillaries involved in?

A

Active capillary transport Filtrate formation occurs

33
Q

What are fenestrated capillaries characterized by?

A

An endothelium riddles with pores Greater permeability than other capillaries

34
Q

Where are sinusoid capillaries found?

A

Liver Bone marrow Lymphoid tissue Some endocrine tissue

35
Q

What do sinusoid tissues allow?

A

They allow large molecules to pass between blood and surrounding tissue

36
Q

When are venules formed?

A

When capillary beds unite

37
Q

Why are venules formed?

A

Allow fluids and WBCs to pass from the bloodstream to tissue

38
Q

What are the smallest venules in the body?

A

Postcapillary venules

39
Q

What are postcapillary venules composed of?

A

Endothelium and a few particles

40
Q

How many layers of smooth muscle do large venules have?

A

one or two

41
Q

How are veins formed?

A

When venules converge

42
Q

What are veins composed of?

A

Three tinucs A thin tunica media (less smooth muscle) Thick tunica externa

43
Q

In veins what does the thick tunica externa consist of?

A

Collagen fibers and elastic networks

44
Q

Where is 65% of the blood supply stored?

A

Capacitance vessels

45
Q

Name the type of artery

A

Elastic artery

46
Q

Name the type of artery

A

Muscular artery

47
Q

Name the type of artery

A

Arteriole

48
Q

Name the type of vein

A

Venule

49
Q

Name the type of vein

A

Medium sized vein

50
Q

Name the type of vein

A

Large vein

51
Q

What is the blood vessel between arteries and veins?

A

Capillaries

52
Q

Label the diagram

A
  1. Tunica externa
  2. External elastic lamina
  3. Smooth muscle of tunica media
  4. Internal elastic lamina
  5. Tunica interna = endothelium
53
Q

Label the diagram

A
  1. Collateral arteries
  2. Arteriole
  3. Capillaries
  4. Vein
  5. Venule
  6. Small venule
  7. Precapillary sphincters
54
Q

Label the diagram

A
  1. Small artery
  2. Arteriole
  3. Capillary beds
55
Q

Name the type of capillary

A

Continuous

56
Q

Name the type of capillary

A

Fenstrated

57
Q

Name the type of capillary

A

Sinusoids

58
Q

Label the vein

A
  1. Endothelium
  2. Basement membrane
  3. Smooth muscle
  4. Tunica externa
  5. Lumen
  6. Valve

Anatomy and kinanthropometry (15 decks)

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