Kingdom bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

What is the metabolism of bacteria

A

Both heterotrophs and autotrophs

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2
Q

Explain how heterotroph bacteria gets food and give an example

A

consume organic compounds or inorganic chemicals (ex: plants)

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3
Q

Name two bacterias that perform photosynthesis and how other autotroph bacterias get food

A

Green bacteria and cyanobacteria, other autotroph bacterias make energy from simple inorganic compounds

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4
Q

What is obligate aerobe

A

Bacteria that needs oxygen

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5
Q

What is obligate anaerobe

A

Bacteria that cant survive in oxygen

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6
Q

What is facultative aerobe

A

Bacteria that lives with or without oxygen

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7
Q

What is gram positive on bacteria

A

Thick protein layer that stains purple

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8
Q

What is gram negative on bacteria

A

Thin protein layer that stains pink

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9
Q

What are the bacterial shapes

A

-Coccus (Round)
-Bacillus (Rod)
-Spirillum (Spiral)

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10
Q

What is the name for asexual reproduction in bacteria

A

Binary fission

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11
Q

How does binary fission work in bacteria

A

Split a parent cell into 2 daughter cells that get an exact copy of dna from parent

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12
Q

What is the name for sexual reproduction in bacteria

A

Conjugation

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13
Q

How does conjugation work in bacteria

A

Bacteria gets stuck to pili and exchange genetic information

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14
Q

What is transformation in bacteria

A

Happens when a cell picks up loose DNA from its surroundings and uses it

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15
Q

What is an endospore

A

A dormant phase during bad conditions that bacteria go in

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16
Q

Why is an endospore important for bacteria

A

Very resistant structures form around the chromosomes to resist extreme environmental conditions

17
Q

What are the roles of bacteria

A

Decomposition, Pathogens, symbiosis roles, commercial uses

18
Q

How do bacteria act like decomposers

A

Recycles important elements in the carbon and nitrogen cycles

19
Q

How do bacteria act like pathogens

A

they cause disease in humans, crops and livestock. They can make toxins and cause illness

20
Q

How do bacteria have symbiosis roles

A

(With humans) Bacteria in large intestine make vitamin k and B12

21
Q

How do bacteria have commercial use

A

Used in commercials for environmental clean up, sewage treatment, cheese, yogurt production

22
Q

Do antibiotics work to stop bacteria

23
Q

How do antibiotics stop bacteria

A

Stops bacteria from growing by preventing growth and reproduction, stops them from building a cell wall or making DNA/RNA

24
Q

What is expenential growth

A

The growth rate of bacteria, they devide every 20 minutes

25
What is antibiotic resistance
When antibiotics become less effective at defeating bacteria
26
How does antibiotic resistance happen
Bacteria reproduce so quickly so genetic mutations happen, these mutations make antibiotics less effective
27
What do we have to do to make antibiotics more effective when we have antibiotic resistance
Change target place and change molecular structure of antibiotic
28
How do plasmids affect antibiotic resistance
Some plasmids have genes for antibiotic resistance