Key Terms Flashcards

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1
Q

Define tropism

A

It is a plant growth response to stimuli controlled by hormones called auxin

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2
Q

What is the purpose of a kidney

A

They are involved in filtering blood, removing unwonted substances and balancing needed substances

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3
Q

Define excretion

A

The process by which waste products of the metabolism are removed from the body

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4
Q

Define fertilisation

A

Involves the fusion of a male and female gametes to produce a zygote

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5
Q

Define asexual reproduction

A

It is not necessary to have two parents, the offspring is genetically identical to the parent, quicker

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6
Q

Define cross pollination

A

The transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another

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7
Q

Define germination

A

Process by which new plants grow from seeds

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8
Q

How many chromosomes in gametes and zygotes

A

Gametes- 23 (haploid cell)

Zygotes- 46 (diploid cell)

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9
Q

Define transpiration

A

Loss of water by evaporation from the leaf through the stomata

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10
Q

What is a xerophyte

A

They are plants that preserve water E.G. cactus

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11
Q

The colours of bicarbonate indicator

A

Purple - no CO2
Red - Little CO2
Yellow - lots of CO2

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12
Q

Define homoeostasis

A

The process of maintaining a constant internal environment

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13
Q

What are hormones

A

They are chemical messengers that travel in the blood

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14
Q

Define population

A

Group of individuals all of one species in a location

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15
Q

Define community

A

All the organisms within an ecosystem

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16
Q

Define habitat

A

Where individual species live with specific physical characteristics

17
Q

Define ecosystem

A

The interactions of all the organisms living within an area and the environment around them

18
Q

Define gene

A

A section of DNA which codes for a specific protein

19
Q

Define homozygous

A

Two alleles for a characteristic are the same

20
Q

Define dominant

A

Only one copy of this allele is needed to be expressed in the phenotype

21
Q

Define heterozygous

A

Two alleles for a characteristic are different

22
Q

Define Co - dominant

A

When two different alleles are both expressed in the phenotype

23
Q

Define recessive

A

Two copies of this allele are needed to be expressed in the phenotype

24
Q

What is an allele

A

A specific version of a gene

25
Q

Define Homologous

A

Set of chromosomes with the same sequence of Genes

26
Q

Define genotype

A

Describes the alleles for a specific characteristic

27
Q

What is meant by the term gas exchange

A

In the tissue it is the diffusion of oxygen from the blood into the cells and carbon dioxide from cells into the blood; The reverse occurs in the lungs