Key Terms

Question 1

Define tropism

Answer 1

It is a plant growth response to stimuli controlled by hormones called auxin

Question 2

What is the purpose of a kidney

Answer 2

They are involved in filtering blood, removing unwonted substances and balancing needed substances

Question 3

Define excretion

Answer 3

The process by which waste products of the metabolism are removed from the body

Question 4

Define fertilisation

Answer 4

Involves the fusion of a male and female gametes to produce a zygote

Question 5

Define asexual reproduction

Answer 5

It is not necessary to have two parents, the offspring is genetically identical to the parent, quicker

Question 6

Define cross pollination

Answer 6

The transfer of pollen from the anther of one plant to the stigma of another

Question 7

Define germination

Answer 7

Process by which new plants grow from seeds

Question 8

How many chromosomes in gametes and zygotes

Answer 8

Gametes- 23 (haploid cell)

Zygotes- 46 (diploid cell)

Question 9

Define transpiration

Answer 9

Loss of water by evaporation from the leaf through the stomata

Question 10

What is a xerophyte

Answer 10

They are plants that preserve water E.G. cactus

Question 11

The colours of bicarbonate indicator

Answer 11

Purple - no CO2
Red - Little CO2
Yellow - lots of CO2

Question 12

Define homoeostasis

Answer 12

The process of maintaining a constant internal environment

Question 13

What are hormones

Answer 13

They are chemical messengers that travel in the blood

Question 14

Define population

Answer 14

Group of individuals all of one species in a location

Question 15

Define community

Answer 15

All the organisms within an ecosystem

Question 16

Define habitat

Answer 16

Where individual species live with specific physical characteristics

Question 17

Define ecosystem

Answer 17

The interactions of all the organisms living within an area and the environment around them

Question 18

Define gene

Answer 18

A section of DNA which codes for a specific protein

Question 19

Define homozygous

Answer 19

Two alleles for a characteristic are the same

Question 20

Define dominant

Answer 20

Only one copy of this allele is needed to be expressed in the phenotype

Question 21

Define heterozygous

Answer 21

Two alleles for a characteristic are different

Question 22

Define Co - dominant

Answer 22

When two different alleles are both expressed in the phenotype

Question 23

Define recessive

Answer 23

Two copies of this allele are needed to be expressed in the phenotype

Question 24

What is an allele

Answer 24

A specific version of a gene

Question 25

Define Homologous

Answer 25

Set of chromosomes with the same sequence of Genes

Question 26

Define genotype

Answer 26

Describes the alleles for a specific characteristic

Question 27

What is meant by the term gas exchange

Answer 27

In the tissue it is the diffusion of oxygen from the blood into the cells and carbon dioxide from cells into the blood; The reverse occurs in the lungs