Evolution + selective breeding

Question 1

Definition of mutations

Answer 1

Rare, random change in genetic material that can be inherited

Question 2

Natural selection (Darwin’s theory)

Answer 2

• variation
• selection pressure
• survival/reproduce
• alleles
• omg

Question 3

How do mutations occur

Answer 3

1. High energy radiation : X-rays, gamma rays, UV rays
2. Chemical mutagens : caffeine, tobacco tar
3. Spontaneous : natural mistakes in DNA replication

Question 4

Names of mutation (reduce add)

Answer 4

• deletion
• addition
• substitution

Question 5

Examples of things selectively bred

Answer 5

• cows -> bulls selected by daughters/mother milk production
• wheat -> increased yield (ears) /short stems

Question 6

Selective breeding process

Answer 6

• FARMERS select organisms with the desired characteristics
• breed them together
• select the offspring with the desired characteristics
• Breed them together
• repeat over many generations
• The frequency of the allele for the desired characteristic will increase over time

Question 7

Bacteria

Answer 7

At first all the population are susceptible to antibiotics but mutations cause variation and some bacteria become resistant