key principles of the three step change model (Lewin)

Question 1

what is it

Answer 1

developed 3-step model for planned change, driving + restraining forces would determine the success of the change

Question 2

unfreeze

Answer 2

This is removing inertia and preparing stakeholders for the change. It involves breaking down the old ways of doing things. If reflects the stage in Lewin’s Force Field Analysis theory where the driving forces have pushed through the restraining forces and have dominance.

Question 3

change

Answer 3

This is the process of transition. In this stage, new processes or practices may be introduced to the business. Effectively, the change is put in place. Some support systems may need to be implemented to assist with the smooth transition.

Question 4

refreeze

Answer 4

This is the establishment of a new stability and culture. This may require new policies to be introduced to reinforce the changed business so that it becomes the status quo. The culture should reflect the changed situation as well.

Question 5

Unfreeze - strategies

Answer 5

• Creating the perception that a change is needed
• Ensuring that there is strong support from upper management
• Determining what needs to be changed
• Prepares organization for change
• Manage and understand the doubts and concerns of the staff
• Implementing the motivation

Question 6

Change (strategies)

Answer 6

• Moves the business towards the desired state
• Staff begin to resolve their uncertainty and look for new ways to do things
• Communication, dispelling rumours, empowering action and involving other people in the process of change are some of the key ideas for change
• Communication should be open to allow for employee feedback

Question 7

Refreeze (strategies)

Answer 7

Anchor changes in the culture
Develop ways to sustain the change (reward and feedback)
Provide support and training
Celebrate success

Question 8

Disadvantages of using Lewin’s change model

Answer 8

refreezing the change takes time and with dynamic business environments, the business may need to change again, meaning unfreezing what has recently been refreezed.

If change needs to be implemented quickly, the three step process can take too long, impacting negatively on the business.