Key Area 5 Metabolism And Adverse Conditions Flashcards
What will animals do in environments that are beyond tolerable limits
Adapt to survive
Able to avoid them
What do animals do to aviod adverse condition
Adapt to survive
Or aviod them
What is dormancy
Part of the organisms lifcycle where metabolism is reduced in order to save energy
What does dormancy do
Lowers the metabolic rate, heart rate breathing rate and body temperature
Name the types of dormancy
Hibernation
Aestivation
Daily torpor
What season does hibernation happen
Winter
What is hibernation
It is a form or predictive dormancy that enables the animal to survive adverse conditions of winter
What do animals do before hibernating
They consume alot of food to gey fat. This fat acts as a insulation.
Example of an animal that hibernates
Hedgehog
Dormouse
What season does aestivation happen
Summer or extreme hit weather
What is aestivation
A form of consequencetial dormancy that enable animal to survive periods of excessive heat and drought in summer
When does the metabolic rate Increase again in aestivation
When favourable return
What is an exmaple of aestivation
Snails
Corodiles
Definition of the daily torpor
Animal metabolism rate and activity is greatly reduced for the part of 24h cycle
Example of daily torpor
Hummingbird
Bat
Is hibernation predictive or consequential
Predictive
Is aestivation predictive or consequential
consequential
Predictive dormancy
Happens before the adverse condition
Consequential dormancy
Occurs after thr adverse condition
What is migration
It is the regular movement of species members from one place to another over a relatively large distance
How does migration avoid metabolic adversity
By avoiding shortage of food and low temperature
Exmoale of animals thag migrate
Lease,reindeer salmon butterfly
What is the migration trigger
Day length changing
Lower temperature
Food shortage
What are the influences oj migration
Innate and learned behaviour
Innate behaviour
Inherited and flexible
Learned behaviour
Is gained by experience and begins after birth
4 types of animal trackers
Radio trackers
Satellite trackers
Ultrasound transmitters
Ringing
Radio transmitters
Can be glued to animals body or implanted under the skin. It emits signals thag are picked up by satellites
Satellite tracking
Using information from transmitter. Animals movements can be tracked qnd information is sent to ground stations
Ultrasound transmitters
Transmitters attached to animals and movements of animql can be tracked by scientists picking up signals
Ringing trackers
Metal bands can be attached to birds legs. Birds xan be recaptured and the information recored from the tag.
What microbial metabolism can be manipulated genetically
Bacteria
Archea
Eukaryote
Example of bacteria
E.coli
Exmaple of archea
Thermophiles