Joints of Upper Extremity

Question 1

Ligaments of the AC joint?

Answer 1

1. AC ligament

2. coracoclavicular (conoid + trapezoid)

Question 2

acromioclavicular

joint dislocation plus coracoclavicular ligament broken

Answer 2

shoulder separation

Question 3

humeral head dislocated from the glenoid cavity

Answer 3

shoulder dislocation

Question 4

What classification when AC and coracoclavicular ligaments are stretched but still intact?

Answer 4

Tossy 1

Question 5

What classification when the AC ligament is ruptured with subluxation of the joint?

Answer 5

Tossy II

Question 6

What classification when the ligaments are disrupted with complete dislocation of AC joint?

Answer 6

Tossy III, piano key sign when holding weights

Question 7

Glenoid cavity deepened by this so humeral head sits more than 1/3 of its surface into glenoid cavity?

Answer 7

glenoid labrum

Question 8

Humeral head kept in its cavity by what muscles?

Answer 8

rotator cuff

Question 9

Weak point for dislocation of glenohumeral joint?

Answer 9

Inferiorly on articular capsule

Question 10

Runs from the greater tubercle to the lesser tubercle of humerus, bridging over the synovial sheath for the tendon of the biceps

Answer 10

transverse humeral ligament

Question 11

Pectoralis major, deltoid, coracobrachialis, and biceps brachii are shoulder what?

Answer 11

flexors

Question 12

latissimus dorsi and deltoid are shoulder what?

Answer 12

extensors

Question 13

supraspinatus muscle is a shoulder?

Answer 13

abductors (first 15 degrees)

Question 14

pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi, and rotator cuff muscles are shoulder?

Answer 14

adductors

Question 15

subscapularis, teres major, and latissimus dorsi are shoulder?

Answer 15

medial rotators

Question 16

infrapsinatus and teres minor are shoulder what?

Answer 16

lateral rotators

Question 17

muscles that hold the head of humerus to the glenoid cavity?

Answer 17

rotator cuff muscles

Question 18

muscles that resist downward dislocation of the joint?

Answer 18

coracobrachialis, biceps, long head of triceps, and deltoid

Question 19

inflammation and calcification of the supraspinatus tendon, inflammation of the subacromial bursa. pain when 5-130 degrees abducted. “painful arc syndrome”, age 50+

Answer 19

calcific supraspinatus tendonitis (calcific sacpulohumeral bursitis)

Question 20

fibrosis and scarring in the articular capsule resulting from injuries around the joint, difficulty abducting arm

Answer 20

adhesive capsulitis of glenohumeral joint (frozen shoulder)

Question 21

damage to this nerve caused by glenohumeral joint dislocation

Answer 21

axillary nerve

Question 22

happens to baseball throwers, painful when throwing, may have popping sound

Answer 22

glenoid labrum tears

Question 23

Articulations of the elbow?

Answer 23

trochlea of humerus with trochlear notch of ulna, capitulum of humerus with head of radius

Question 24

ligament of elbow from lateral epicondyle to annular ligament of radius

Answer 24

radial collateral ligament

Question 25

ligament of elbow from medial epicondyle to coronoid process and olecranon of ulna, consists of 3 bands

Answer 25

ulnar collateral ligament

Question 26

chief flexors of the elbow?

Answer 26

brachialis, biceps brachii, brachioradialis

Question 27

chief extensors of the elbow?

Answer 27

triceps brachii

Question 28

subcutaneous most common due to repeated pressure and friction, (student’s, dart throwers’ minor’s elbow)

Answer 28

bursitis of the elbow

Question 29

forms a ring that encircles head of radius to the radial notch of the ulna, head of radius rotates within articular capsule

Answer 29

anular ligament

Question 30

supinator (when no resistance) and biceps (with resistance and elbow flexed)

Answer 30

supination

Question 31

pronator quadratus (primarily) and pronator teres (secondarily)

Answer 31

pronation

Question 32

Flex the wrist?

Answer 32

flexor carpi radialis and flexor carpi ulnaris

Question 33

extend the wrist?

Answer 33

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, extensor carpi ulnaris

Question 34

abduct (radially deviate) the wrist?

Answer 34

flexor carpi radialis, extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis, and abductor pollicis longus

Question 35

adduct (ulnar deviate) the wrist?

Answer 35

flexor and extensor carpi ulnaris