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Musculoskeletal > 1.2 Shoulder and Axilla > Flashcards

1.2 Shoulder and Axilla Flashcards

1
Q

What artery branches off the 1st part of the axillary artery?

A

superior thoracic artery

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2
Q

What 2 arteries branch off the 2nd part of the axillary artery?

A

thoracoacromial artery, lateral thoracic artery

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3
Q

What 3 arteries branch off the 3rd part of the axillary artery?

A

subscapular artery, anterior circumflex humeral artery, posterior circumflex humeral artery

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4
Q

artery that supplies muscles in the 1st and 2nd rib intercostals, space and serratus anterior, branches off 1st part of axillary artery

A

superior thoracic artery

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5
Q

short, wide trunk deep to clavicular head of pectoralis minor, divides into 4 branches, comes off 2nd part of axillary artery

A

thoracoacromial artery

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6
Q

supplies pectoral muscles, axillary lymph nodes, and breast*** (important blood supply to lateral part of mammary gland in women)

A

lateral thoracic artery

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7
Q

largest branch of axillary artery, divides into circumflex scapular and thoracodorsal

A

subscapular artery

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8
Q

anterior and posterior, branch off third part of axillary artery, supplies shoulder muscles (deltoid, teres major and minor, long head of triceps)

A

circumflex humeral arteries

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9
Q

receives directly or indirectly blood from thoracoepigrastric vein, which collects blood from the superficial veins of the inguinal region, blood can bypass when IVC is blocked

A

axillary vein

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10
Q

two nerves vulnerable during axillary lymph node dissection

A

long thoracic nerve, thoracodorsal nerve

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11
Q
  • adducts and medially rotates humerus
  • clavicle head flexes and sternocostal head adducts/medially rotates humerus
  • forms most of anterior wall of axilla
  • forms deltopectoral groove with the deltoid muscle, cephalic vein runs in this groove
A

pectoralis major

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12
Q

origin: clavicular head and sternocostal head
insertion: lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus
- adducts and medially rotates humerus, flex clavicle

A

pectoralis major

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13
Q
  • origin: coracoid process of scapula

- inserts: ribs 3,4,5

A

pectoralis minor

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14
Q
  • fixes scapula to thoracic wall

- stretches arm forward, helps with inspiration

A

pectoralis minor

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15
Q
  • rotates the inferior angle of the scapula (combing hair)
  • holds scapula against thoracic wall (doing pushups)
  • forms medial wall of axilla
  • protracts the scapula, when punching or reaching anteriorly
A

serratus anterior

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16
Q

origin: external surface of ribs 1-8
insertion: anterior surface and medial border of scapula

A

serratus anterior

17
Q

injury to this nerve will paralyze the serratus anterior, give a winged scapula appearance

A

long thoracic nerve

18
Q
  • origin: superior nuchal line, C7, T12

- insertion: acromion, spine of scapula

A

trapezius

19
Q

-elevates scapula, retracts scapula, depresses scapula and lowers shoulder

A

trapezius

20
Q

innervated by spinal accessory nerve Cranial Nerve XI

A

trapezius

21
Q
  • extends, adducts, and medially rotates the humerus

- brings body toward arms when climbing

A

latissumus dorsi

22
Q

innervated by thoracodorsal nerve

A

latissimus dorsi

23
Q
  • origin: T7, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest

- insertion: intertubercular groove

A

latissimus dorsi

24
Q

If this nerve is injured there is no counter force for shoulder when pushed up by crutch, can’t climb

A

latissimus dorsi

25
Q
  • origin: transverse process of C1-C4

- insertion: medial border superior part of scapula

A

levator scapulae

26
Q

what muscles are innervated by dorsal scapular nerve?

A

levator scapulae, rhomboids

27
Q
  • origin: C7, T1, T2, T3, T4, T5

- insertion: medial borders of scapulae

A

rhomboids

28
Q
  • origin: acromion, spine of scapula, clavicle

- insertion: deltoid tuberosity

A

deltoid

29
Q
  • abductor (inital 15 degrees by suprspinatus)

- flexion and extension

A

deltoid

30
Q

innervated by axillary nerve

A

deltoid

31
Q

origin: inferior angle of scapula
insertion: medial lip of intertubercular groove

A

teres major

32
Q
  • stabilizes humeral head, counteracts deltoid during abduction of the arm
  • adduction and medial rotation of humerus
A

teres major

33
Q

What artery exits the triangular space b/w teres major and long head of triceps?

A

circumflex scapular artery

34
Q

What artery and nerve exit the quadrangular space b/w teres major and long head of triceps?

A

posterior circumflex humeral artery, axillary nerve

35
Q

rotator cuff muscles?

A

supraspinatus, infraspinatus, teres minor, subscapularis

36
Q

origin: lesser tubercle and greater tubercle

- stabilize shoulder joint

A

rotator cuff

37
Q

helps with initial 15 degrees of abduction of arm

A

supraspinatus

38
Q

small viscous fluid filled sac lined by synovial membrane

A

subacromial/subdeltoid bursa

Musculoskeletal (27 decks)

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