Joints Flashcards by Bina Malapur

what is osteoarthritis

degenerative joint disease

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cause of primary osteoarthritis

idiopathic

aging

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secondary osteoarthritis

repeated injury

obesity

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what happens to cartilage in osteoarthritis

degeneration of cartilage

superficial roughened and cracked cartilage
joint mice ( loose bodies of cartilage )

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what are 3 phases of osteoarthritis

chondrocyte injury
chondrocytes proliferate
chondrocyte drop out with loss of cartilage

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what happens to the bone in osteoarthritis

bone spurs
bone eburnation (exposed bone on surface)

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what are some symptoms of osteoarthtitis

worse with use
crepitios of joint
morning stiffness

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what nodes and where are found in osteoarthritis

Heberden nodes: Osteophytes at DIP in women

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what joints does osteoarthritis spare

wrist elbow and shoulders

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Rheumatoid arthritis

systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease

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what gender is more prone to rheumatoid arthritis

females

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what is formed in Rheumatoid arthritis

Pannus: exuberant inflamed synovium

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what get eroded with Rheumatoid arthritis

cartilage and bone

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in rheumatoid arthritis 80% have what

rheumatoid factor: autoAb against Fc portion or IgG

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in Rheumatoid arthritis the Ab attaches to what part of antigen

citrullin-modified peptides

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what is the synovial fluid content for Rheumatoid arthritis

high protein content

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how and where does Rheumatoid arthritis present in joints

symmetrical
PIP, MCP, MTP,
wrists, ankles, elbow, knees

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what makes Rheumatoid arthritis better

activity

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what are the hand deviations for rheumatoid arthritis

radial deviation of wrist
ulnar deviation of fingers
flexion-hyperextension of fingers ( swan neck; boutonniere)

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Rheumatoid arthritis, what cysts are found in the back of the knee

synovial cysts

baker cysts

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clinically what make rhematoid arthritis differenct from osteoarthrisits

RA: no DIP

rheumatoid nodules

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juvenile idiopathic arthritis

before age 16

knees, wrists, elbows, ankles

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how are juvenile idiopathic arthritis and Rheumaoid arthritis the same

pannus formation

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Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

pathology in ligamentous attachements
immune mediated
HLA B27

who gets Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

young adults | more males

what joints are impacted with Seronegative Spondyloarthropathies

axial joints - sacroiliac joint - apophyseal joint of vertebra

how does spine show up as in X-ray for Seronegative Spondyloarthropathes

bamboos spine

another name for reactive arthritis

reiter syndrome

what is reactive arthritis

appendicular noninfectious arthritis

what bacteria can cause reactive arthritis

Chlamydia shigella salmonella

what is the triad symptoms for reactive arthritis

arthritis urethritis conjunctivitis

Reiter syndrome is related to what protein

HLA B27

what joints does Reiter syndrome get? characteristics

ankles, knees, fees asymmetric pattern symptoms wax and wane

Enteritis associated arthrits is associatd with what bacteria

Yersinia, Salmonella, Shigella

what joints does enteritis associated arthritis occur in and when does it clear

knee, and ankles | less than a year

Psoratic arthritis associated with what protien

HLA B27

Psoratic arthritis occurs in what joints

DIP of hand ( pencil in cup) | large joints

Psoratic arthritis is histologically similar to what other arthritisi

rheumatoid arthritis

what bacteria causes adolescent/young adult infectious arthritis

Gonorrhea

what bacteria causeselderly and children infectious arthritis

Staph. Aureus

what bacteria causes infectious arthritis in sickle cell anemia

Salmonella

if a person abuses drugs, where is the infectious arthritis most likely to occur

axial joints

if a person has Gonorrhea, where is the infectious arthritis most likely to occur

knee, hip, shoulder, elbow

where does infectious arthritis occur for lyme disease

knees, shoulders, elbows, ankles

what is gout

uric acid from purine matabolism

tophi

mass deposits of urates

characterize the crystals of gout

negative birefringent

what causes secondary gout and what does it lead to

nucleic acid turnover | chronic renal disease

calcium pryophosphate crystal deposition disease also called

pseudogout

where are crystals first seen is pseudogout

articular matrix, menisci, intervertbral disc

characterize the crystals for gout

positive birefringent

where is ganglion cyst most common? where is it in relation to joint? what degernates

wrist - no communcation with joint space - myxoid or cystic

where is synovial cyst located in relation to joint? name a type of synovial cyst

- connected to joint capsule or bursa | - baker cyst

Tenosynoival giant cell tumor is what translocaion

t(1;2)

what are different types of tenosynovial giant cell tumors

diffuse | localized

what cells are involved in tenosynovial giant-cell tumor

macrophages, gaint cells

Difuse Tenosynoival giant cell tumor is called

pigemnted villonodular synovitis

Diffuse Tenosynoival giant cell tumor location

knee

Localized Tenosynoival giant cell tumor is attached to what and location

synovium or tendon | - fingers and wrist