Dermatopathology 1 Flashcards
Name a hypopigmentation disorder
Vitiligo
define: Vitiligo
complete loss of epidermal melanocytes
what autoimmune diseases is Vitiligo associated with
pernicious anemia
Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
Vitiligo has an antibody against what
melanin-concentrating hormone receptor 1 in serum
during what decades does Vitiligo occur
2nd
3rd
what race has has higher incidence of Vitiligo
African American
where does Vitiligo usually occur
acral areas
orifaces
Along with skin, what can also loose pigmentation
hair
if repigmentation occurs with Vitiligo where does it usually occur
around hair follicle
looks like freckle
what is Ephelis
freckle
in what layers skin does Ephelis occur and what happens there
basal layer hyperpigmentation
Is there risk of malignancy with Ephelis
no
What does Lentigo look like
small circumscribed brown macular lesions
Where in the skin does Lentigo have a problem
hyperpigmentation of cells just above the basement membrane
what is the difference between Ephelides and Lentigo
lentigines does not darken with sun exposure
what is a more common name for Lentigo
“liver or age spots”
what does the histology pic for Lentigo
Rete ridges
name 5 features for Melanocytic nevi
- color?
- size?
- tan to brown
- uniformly pigmented
- small
- flat to elevated
- well-defined, rounded borders
what are some histological features for Melanocytic nevi
- dermal-epidermal junction
- no deep mitosis
- melanocytes mature as they descend in dermis
- no deep pigment in melanocytic nests
what are the 3 steps in melanocytic nevi progression of maturation
junctional
compound
intradermal
what is happening in Junctional for Melanocytic Nevus
Melanocytic nests @ dermal-epidermal junction
- nests at tips and sides of rete
what is happening in compound for Melanocytic Nevus?
- clinical?
- histological?
- more Raised and Domed shaped than Junctional
- dermal-epidermal nevus cell nests and nests and cords of nevus cell in underlying dermis
- invasion of dermis–> mature and get smaller
what is happening in Intradermal ( dermal) for Melanocytic Nevus?
epidermal nests are lost completely
name two kinds of Melanocytic Nevi
Spitz nevus
Dysplastic melanocytic nevus