Bones 2 Flashcards
osteoma defect where on bone
subperiosteal or endosteal cortex surface
what type of bone is impacted with osteoma
woven and lamellar bone
what is gardner syndrome
multiple osteomas
compare sizes of osteoid and osteoblastoma
osteoid: less than 2 cm
osteoblastoma: greater than 2 cm
can NSAIDS be used for relief of osteoid and osteoblastoma
osteoid: yes
osteoblastoma: no ``
most common nonhematopoetic malignant primary bone tumor
osteosarcoma
what is made in osteosarcoma?
osteoid
-painful enlarging mass
what age groups are impacted by osteosarcoma
75% less than 20
elderly
osteosarcoma is associated with what disease
paget’s disease
what is Codman triangle
osteosarcoma tumor lifts periostium
where does osteosarcoma usally occur on bone
metaphysis medulla, knee
osteosarcoma: hereditary retinoblastoma is a defect in what gene
RB
osteosarcoma: Li-Fraumeni syndrome defect in
p53
osteosarcoma metastazies where
lung
Osteochondroma exostosis what happens
mushroom-shaped cartilage-capped
where does Osteochondroma exostosis occur
metaphysis: near growth plate of long tubular bones, especially around knee
Osteochondroma exostosis: multple heredity exotosis isa defect in what gene and how is passed on
EXT1 and EXT2
autosomal dominant
how fast does osteochondrom grow? pain? increases risk for what
slow growing, stops with closure of growth plate
- Multiple Hereditary exostosis
Chondroma is what
benign hyaline cartilage tumor
where is enchondroma
phalynx
where does subperiotsteal chondroma occur
surface of bone
what does enchondroma look like
less than 3cm grey-blue
nodules of hyaline cartilage with peripheral enchondral ossification
enchondroma is a risk of turning into
Enchondromatosis ( Ollier disease)
Maffucci syndrome: enchondromas with hemangiomas
most common place for enchondroma tumor
phalynx
chondroblastoma is seen in what age group
teenagers
chondroblastoma most common place found where on body
KNEE EPIPHYSIS
define chondrosarcoma
no malignant bone formation
where does chondrosarcoma occur
intramedullary
juxtacortical and surface
histo of chondrosarcoma
clear cell
differentiated
mesynchymal
what are the 3 patterns for fibrous dyspasia
monostotic
- polystotic with soft tissue myxomas
- polyostotic with endocrine dysfunction
what does the X-ray look like for fibrous dysplasia
ground glass and well-demarcated
where on bone does fibrous dysplasia occur
diaphysis
fibrous dysplasia: monostatic where does it usually occur? who does it occur in
ribs femur tibia
teens
fibrous dysplasia: polyostatic, is what two diseases
Mazabraud syndrome
McCune-Albright syndrome
fibrous dysplasia: McCune-Albright syndrome? clinical presentaiotn
endocrine?
cafe au lait skin pigmentations
sexual precocity, hyperthyroidism
fibrous dysplasia histo
chinese character woven bone in fibrous stroma
what is Ewing Sarcoma family
small round blue cell tumor of bone and soft tissue
gene translocation for ewing sarcoma
T(11;22)
EWS-FLI1
Ewing occurs where in bone
medullary cavitity but invades cortex into soft tissue
- dipahysis of long bone
other symptoms with Ewing
fever, anemia, leukocytosis
what is giant cell tumor of bone
benign locally aggressive tumor of macrophage/monocyte system
mononuclear cells have what receptor
RANKL
where on bone does giant cell tumor occur
epiphysis may extend to metaphysis
most common location of ewing
knee
Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC)
multiloculated blood-filled cysts
where does Aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) occur
metaphysis of long bones and vertebrae
most common form of skeletal malignancy
metastatic disease
how can metastatic disease spread to bone
direct
lymph or hematogenous
-intraspinal ( batson plexus of veins)
bone tumors of metaphysis
osteoid osteoma osteochondroma osteosarcoma chondroma fibrous dysplasia fibrous cortical defect ABC
bone tumor on epiphysis
clear cell chondrosarcoma
chondroblastoma
bone tumor on diaphysis
ewing sarcoma
firbous dysplaisa
bone tumor on epiphysis/metaphysis
giant cell tumor aneurysmal bone cyst
