joints Flashcards
what are the three types of joints?
fibrous, cartilaginous and synovial
which type of joints are solid? which are cavitated?
solid joints: fibrous and cart.
cavitated: synovial
describe fibrous joints
bones connected by fibrous tissue. immovable
describe Cartilaginous
bones connected by cartilage. slightly moveable.
describe synovial joints
articulating surfaces enclosed within fluid-filled joint capsule.
e.g. of fibrous joints?
suture between skull bones, teeth into jaw, interosseous membranes (between r+u and t+f)
e.g. of cart. joints?
symphyses joints in the vertical column costocondial joints (sternum and rib)
describe synovial joint
have a cavity filled with fluid and articular cartilage. allows it to be free moving
where do you generally find synovial joints?
appendicular skeleton
e.g. of synovial joint in axial skeleton?
between c1 and c2
name the 6 different types of synovial joint?
- hinge
- saddle
- plane
- pivot
- condyloid
- ball and socket
what are the 5 features of a synovial joint?
- articular cartilage
- joint (synovial) cavity)
- articular capsule
- synovial fluid
- reinforcing ligaments
describe movement of hinge joint
permits movement in one plane – usually flexion and extension.
describe saddle joint and movement it allows
It is characterised by opposing articular surfaces with a reciprocal concave-convex shape.
E.g. carpometacarpal joints.
describe plane joint and e.g
the articular surfaces are relatively flat, allowing the bones to glide over one another.
describe pivot joint
allows for rotation only. It is formed by a central bony pivot, which is surrounded by a bony-ligamentous ring
describe a condyloid joint
– contains a convex surface which articulates with a concave elliptical cavity. They are also known as ellipsoid joints.
describe a ball and socket joint
here the ball-shaped surface of one rounded bone fits into the cup-like depression of another bone. It permits free movement in numerous axes.
what type of joint is wrist joint?
An ellipsoid / condyloid joint contains a convex surface which articulates with a concave elliptical cavity. It allows for movement along two axis
what is name of shoulder joint?
glenohumeral joint
describe shoulder joint
The shoulder joint is formed by the articulation of the head of the humerus with the glenoid cavity (or fossa) of the scapula. This gives rise to the alternate name for the shoulder joint – the glenohumeral join
