Introduction to Body Cavities Flashcards
what plane is this?
sagittal
what plane is this?
transverse
what is the name of this plane?
coronal plane
how do u look at an axial CT or MRI?
is if standing by bedside at feet
SO: Left hand site of CT = right hand side of patient
what is the cranial cavity continious with?
cranial cavity continues into vertebral canal
which subcavities are found in the thoracic region?
thoracic cavity:
- pleural cavity (lungs)
- mediastinum (heart, esophagus, trachea, thoracic nerves and systemic blood vessels)
- pericardial cavity (inside the mediastinum) (heart)
what surrounds and protects the brain (inside the skull) - where do they go?
3 membranous layers: meninges - continue down vertebral column:
- dura mater (outer layer)
- arachnoid mater (middle layer - spider leg layer)
- pia meter (closest to brain - follows the contours of the brain and spinal cord
what is found betwen the arachnoid and pia meter layers
role of ^?
sub arachnoid space: filled with cerbrospinal fluid
- role: buffers and protects the brain and spinal scord
label this correctly
what is meningitis?
how test?
inflammation of the meninges
test: test CSF via lumbar puncture
what are serous membranes?
serous membranes: sealed, two layered internal cavities of the body. filled with serous fluid:
2 layers are continous:
a) partietal: line body cavity and share nerve supply to body wall: somatic
b) visceral: cover the organ and share same NS to organ: autonomic
which are the main three serous membranes?
- pleural cavity: serous membranes of lung
- pericardium: serous membrane o fheart
- peritoneum: serous membrane of (continuous membrane which lines the abdominal cavity and covers the abdominal organs)
how many pleural cavities are there?
whats in the mediastinum?
whats the pericardium
- 2 - 2 lungs lol
- mediastinum: where following are collected: heart, great vessels, trachea, oesophagus etc
- peridcardium: a thin sac that surrounds your heart.
what is inbetween the viesceral and parietal pleura?
function of ^?
- pleural fluid
-
function:
- reduces friction of expansion / depression
- help stick viseral pleura to parietal pleura
describe the structure of the pericardium
- viseral pericardium (surface of heart)
- parietal pericardium (ourtside of visc)
- parietal cavity: space between ^. filled with fluid
- fibrous pericardium: fibrous sack
why is it bad if fibrous pericardium gets fluid in it?
bc cannot expand - so fluid drains into sac and builds up and compress the heart = cardiac tampondade
what are these?
A - left lung
B - pleural cavity
C - oesophagus
D - thoracic aorta
E - peridcardium
how do you split up the regions of the abdomen?
what is the serous membrane that lines the abdominal cavity?
peritoneum: has a visceral and parietal layer. BUT bc visercal layer folds to contain lots of different organs - get lots of different folds in peritoneum
label these
phyloric sphincter controls movement of food into duodenum
which organ does duodenum curl around?
head of the pancreas - pancreatic and bile ducts drain into duodenum
which ducts drain into the duodenum?
- pancreatic duct
- bile duct
where is pancreas found?
is the pancreas an exocrine or endocrine gland?
location: posterior abdomen wall
both !
which organ is connected to the liver?
connected to gall bladder: liver produces bile, stored in gall bladder (which then goes to duodenum)
what are the names for the different parts of the small intestine?
duodenum -> jejunum -> ileum
jejunum: upper left
ileum: lower right quadrant
what are the different parts of the colon?
what does spleen do ?
what type of organ?
location: upper left hand side of abdomen. behind stomach. quite posteriorly
organ type: lympathic organ
which kidney sits higher than the other? why?
which gland is located superiorly to the kidney?
what is pathway from kidney to urethra?
right kidney is lower than left: liver pushes it down
above kidneys: adrenal glands
kidneys -> ureter -> bladder -> urethra
how do you describe the different organs that located with the peritoneum?
- organs stuck to the posterior abdomen wall: peritoneum covers the anterior surface of the organ (these organs = retroperiotneal organs)
- organs that are full covered: intraperitoneal organs
which organs are retroperitneal?
SAD PUCKER
S: suprarenal (adrenal) gland
A: aorta/IVC
D: duodenum (second and third part)
P: pancreas (except tail)
U: ureters
C: colon (ascending and descending)
K: kidneys
E: (o)oesophagus
R: rectum
GO: greater omentum fold
LO: lesser omentum fold
M: mesentery folds
MC: mesocolon fold
label this correctly pls xox
what colours on the diagram are the lesser sac and the greater sac?
greater sac: green and peach
lesser sac: blue
what is the epiploic foramen?
The epiploic foramen (also called the foramen of Winslow) is a passage between the greater sac (peritoneal cavity proper) and the lesser sac (omental bursa), allowing communication between these two spaces.
identify A-E :)
A: right kidney
B: liver
C: gall bladder
D: pancreas
E: lumbar vert
what seperates the thoracic and abdomenal organs?
what seperates the abdomen and pelvic organs?
- diaphragm
- nothing: abdominal peritoneum drapes over the pelvic organs
how does the abdominal peritoneum
