Circ. systems: Anatomy & Elearning

Question 1

which layer of the blood vessels is innervated by the sympathetic nerves?

Answer 1

tunica media

Question 2

what are tunica intima, media and adventita made from?

Answer 2

tunica intima: one layer of endothelial cells, supported by internal elastic lamina

tunica media: collagen, elastin and smooth muscle cells

tunica adventitia: collagen (in arteries: external elasatic lamina)

Question 3

what are the precapillary sphincters?

Answer 3

precapillary sphincters: the point where each of the capillaries originates from an arteriole, a smooth muscle fiber encircles the capillary

Question 4

label 1-8

Answer 4

1: coronary arteries
2: ascending aorta
3. aortic arch
4. brachiocephalic trunk
5. left common carotid artery
6. left subclavian artery
7. right common carotid artery
8. righ subclavian artery

Question 5

what is the structure that surrounds the heart?

Answer 5

the perichardium

Question 6

label 1-7

Answer 6

1: right subclavian artery

2: left subclavian artery

3: brachiocephalic trunk

4: aortic arch

5: right common carotid artery

6: descending aorta

7 left common carotid artery

Question 7

artery in the palm of hand called?

Answer 7

superficial palmar arch

Question 8

label these 1-3 (1 = top)

Answer 8

all unpaired!!

1: coeliac trunk
2: superior mesenteric artery
3: inferior mesenteric artery

Question 9

what do each of the following supply?

1: coeliac trunk
2: superior mesenteric artery
3: inferior mesenteric artery

Answer 9

1: coeliac trunk: foregut of GI tract
2: superior mesenteric artery: organs of the midgut: duodenum to proximal 2/3 or transverse colon
3: inferior mesenteric artery: organs of the hindgut

Question 10

which unpaired artery supplies:

a) spleen
b) stomach
c) pancreas
d) duodenum
e) jujeum
f) sigmoid colon
g) ascending

and

h) descending colon

Answer 10

a) spleen: coeliac trunk
b) stomach: coeliac trunk
c) pancreas: superior mesenteric artery
d) duodenum: coeliac trunk
e) jujenum: superior mesenteric artery
f) sigmoid colon: inferior mesenteric artery
g) ascending: superior mesenteric artery

and

h) descending colon: inferior mesenteric artery

Question 11

name this artery

Answer 11

dorsal pedis artery

Question 12

name this artery

Answer 12

posterior tibial artery

Question 13

name this artery

Answer 13

profunda femoris artery

Question 14

what is this artery? shows the back of the knee

Answer 14

popliteal artery

Question 15

this artery?

Answer 15

femoral artery

Question 16

label 1-3

(superficial veins)

Answer 16

1: cephalic vein
2: basilic vein
3: median cubital vein

Question 17

label these superificial veins of the lower limb

Answer 17

1: greater saphenous vein
2: lesser spahenous vein

Question 18

Which anatomical landmark marks the transition from the femoral vein to the external iliac vein?

Answer 18

inguinal ligament

Question 19

how does lymph move around the body?

Answer 19

the lymphatics do not have a central pump so the lymph moves by contraction of surrounding skeletal muscles and the pulse action of the nearby arteries.

Question 20

what is spleens role in the lympahtic system?

Answer 20

Functions mainly as a blood filter, removing old red blood cells. It also plays a role in the immune response.

Question 21

what does thymus do in lympahtic system

what does red bone marrow do in lymphatic system/

Answer 21

thymus: Responsible for the development and maturation of T lymphocyte cells.

Red bone marrow: Responsible for maturation of immature lymphocytes.

Question 22

what do lymph nodes do?

Answer 22

lymph nodes that make immune cells that help the body fight infection. They also filter the lymph fluid and remove foreign material such as bacteria and cancer cells.

Question 23

what are the two main systems of lymph vessles?

Answer 23

Superficial vessels – arise in the subcutaneous tissue, and tends to accompany venous flow. They eventually drain into deep vessels.

Deep vessels – drain the deeper structures of the body, such as the internal organs.

Question 24

where do the lymph vessels empty?

Answer 24

right lymphatic duct and the thoracic duct. These two ducts then empty into the venous circulation at the subclavian veins, via the right and left venous angles.

Question 25

ID the key group of lymph nodes:

Answer 25

**axillary** lymph nodes **inguinal** lymph nodes **cervical** lymph nodes

Question 26

which veins drain the abdominal structures? where do u they go?

Answer 26

1. **portal** venous system: to **liver** for processing. via **hepatic portal vein (**formed from _union_ of the _splenic_ vein and _superior_ and _inferior mesenteric_ vein) 2. **systemic** venous system: to right atrium of **heart**

Question 27

how do u tell difference between where superior and inferior mesenteric veins are located? what do they go into?

Answer 27

- superior mesenteric vein is located on right (anatomical position right) - inferior mesenteric vein is located on left -into hepatic vein

Question 28

what produces CSF in each of the brain ventricles?

Answer 28

**the choroid plexus**

Question 30

what are ventricles in the brain? (general)? how many / what are the ventricless

Answer 30

The ventricles of the brain are a communicating network of cavities filled with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) located within the brain 2 **lateral ventricles**, the **third ventricle** and the **fourth ventricle**.

Question 31

how do the lateral ventricles communicate with the third ventricle?

Answer 31

via the intraventricular foramen

Question 32

what lies on either side of the third ventricle?

Answer 32

t**halamus**

Question 33

what does 3rd ventricle communicate with 4th ventricle via?

Answer 33

the cerebral aqueduct

Question 34

id the following ventricles

Answer 34

1. third ventricle 2. lateral ventricle 3. 4th ventricle 4. third venticle 5. lateral ventricle (anterior and posterior horns)