Joint Movements

Question 1

Joint Movements

Answer 1

Tremendous variety of joint movements possible

The shapes of the articulating surfaces determine what movements are allowed

Question 2

Hinge Joint

Answer 2

allows flexion and extension

ex: elbow joints, interphalangeal joints, knee joints

Question 3

Pivot Joint

Answer 3

allows rotation

ex: proximal radiounlar joints, atlantoaxial joint

Question 4

Ball and Socket Joint

Answer 4

very flexible; allows flexion/extension and adduction/abduction and rotation

ex: shoulder joints, hip joints

Question 5

Flexion and Extension

Answer 5

Extension: pull back
Flexion: bend towards

Hyperextension is extending a joint past its normal range of motion (typically results in a break or a sprain)

Question 6

Abduction/Adduction and Circumdation/Rotation

Answer 6

Circumduction is an actual circle movement
Rotation is a movement around an axis

Abduction: to move away from body
Adduction: to move toward/bring back to body

Question 7

Elevation and Depression

Answer 7

Elevation: lifting a body part superiorly
Depression: moving a body part inferiorly

Question 8

Protraction vs Retraction

Answer 8

Protraction: moving a body part in the anterior direction
Retraction: moving a body part in the posterior direction

Question 9

Pronation vs Supination

Answer 9

Pronation: rotating the forearm to palm faces posteriorly
–radius crossed over ulna

Supination: rotating the forearm so the palm faces anteriorly

• -radius parallel to ulna
• -SAP

*Important! In SAP, radius is lateral and ulna is medial, When palm faces posteriorly, bones cross and form an X

Question 10

Opposition

Answer 10

Moving the thumb to touch the tips of other fingers

Question 11

Inversion vs Eversion

Answer 11

Inversion: turning the sole of the foot medially
Eversion: turning the sole of the foot laterally

Question 12

Dorsiflexion vs Plantar Flexion

Answer 12

Dorsiflexion: lifting the foot so its superior surface approaches the skin
Plantar Flexion: depressing the foot elevating the heel (“standing on tip-toes”)

Question 13

Typical Synovial Joint

Answer 13

Articular Capsule
--fibrous layer
--synovial membrane
Joint cavity (containing synovial fluid)
Articular Cartilage
Ligament

Question 14

Knee Joint

Answer 14

Femur
Articular Capsule
Articular Cartilage
Meniscus
Joint cavity filled w/ synovial fluid
Tibia
Synovial membrane
Patella
ACL
LCL
Lateral Meniscus
PCL
MCL
Medial Meniscus