Ch. 7 Axial Skeleton: Facial Bones

Question 1

How many bones make up the face?

Answer 1

14

Question 2

List the facial bones (14)

Answer 2

Mandible (unpaired)
Vomer (unpaired)
2 Nasals
2 Lacrimals
2 Maxillae
2 Zygomatics
2 Palatine
2 Inferior Nasal Conchae

Question 3

What are the paired lacrimal bones for?

Answer 3

Lacrimal groove is passage for duct for tears

Question 4

What are the paired nasal bones for?

Answer 4

Form bridge of nose, attach to cartilages that form norse

Question 5

What are the paired zygomatics for?

Answer 5

Form cheekbones

Question 6

Maxilla

Answer 6

Form upper jaw (L and R)
Articulate w/ other facial bones except mandible

Alveolar process: contains teeth
Frontal processes: extends upward to reach frontal bone
Zygomatic processes: articulate w/ zygomatic bone
Infraorbital foramen: provides passage for infraorbital artery, vein, and nerve

Question 7

Orbit

Answer 7

supports eyes and muscles the move eyes + fat and tear producing glands

Walls formed by frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxillary, palatine, lacrimal, and ethmoid bones

Question 8

Cranial Base

Answer 8

Hard palate is composed of ventral maxillary bones and palatine bone

Vomer forms inferior portion of nasal septum

Question 9

Cleft Palate

Answer 9

Failure of 2 sides of palate to join during development. Severity varies

Opening between mouth and nasal cavity makes effective nursing difficult

Can be repaired surgically w/ good outcomes

Question 10

Mandible

Answer 10

Largest, strongest bone in face

Body contains lower teeth; tooth sockets are on the superior border (alveolar process)

Mandibular symphysis (not visible) is where the 2 halves of the body form to join the chin (mental protuberance)

Mental foramen: opening below teeth for nerves/vessels

Condylar process: articulates w/ temporal bone to form TMJ

Coronoid process: serves as attachment site for temporalis muscle

Question 11

Fetal/Infant Skull and Sutures

Answer 11

Fetal/infant skull bones not solidly joined - this allows head to deform as it passes through birth canal and allows for brain growth

Fontanelles (“soft spots”): sturdy membranous covering between cranial joints
–will fuse over time

By age 2, skull is 3/4 adult size
Between ages 6-13, face grows outward and develops more “adult” proportions

Question 12

Hyoid

Answer 12

“free floating” bone in neck inferior to mandible

Only bone in skeleton that doesn’t articulate w/ any other bone

Acts as base for tongue, site of muscle attachments for muscles that move larynx