ANS (Ch. 18)

Question 1

What is the ANS?

Answer 1

General visceral motor system of PNS
Involuntary control of visceral functions - regulates smooth and cardiac muscles and glands

Regulates BP, HR, breathing, body temp., and other functions vital to maintaining homeostasis

Bottom line: controls all the “routine” functions of physiological systems

Question 2

Somatic vs. Autonomic NS

Answer 2

Somatic NS:

1. has one neuron in pathway
2. from skin, special senses
3. to skeletal muscle

ANS:

1. has two neurons in pathway
2. from viscera
3. to smooth and cardiac muscle

Question 3

ANS

Answer 3

Most organs/glands receive input from both sympathetic and parasympathetic systems. One activates (sympathetic) and the other inhibits (parasympathetic)

Question 4

ANS: Sympathetic

Answer 4

causes widespread, long-lasting mobilization of the fight or flight response

Question 5

ANS: Parasympathetic

Answer 5

effects are highly localized and shorter lived (“resting and digesting”)

Question 6

The sympathetic trunk is also known as the ______ ____?

Answer 6

Paravertebral ganglia

Question 7

Sympathetic Trunk

Answer 7

along BOTH sides of vertebral column from neck to pelvis
Connect to ventral rai by rami communicans (or communicantes). White rami are lateral to gray rami
~1 per spinal nerve (some fused…total 22-24)

Question 8

What connects the sympathetic trunk to ventral rami?

Answer 8

Rami communicans

Question 9

How many sympathetic trunks are there per spinal nerve? How many total?

Answer 9

~1 per spinal nerve (some fused…total 22-24)

Question 10

Sympathetic vs Parasympathetic

Answer 10

Sympathetic (thoracolumbar) = emergencies, exercise, excitement
Parasympathetic (craniosacral) = normal, everyday functioning (“housekeeping”)

Question 11

Sympathetic is also known as ____?

Answer 11

Thoracolumbar

Question 12

Parasympathetic is also known as ____?

Answer 12

Craniosacral

Question 13

Sympathetic ____ while Parasympathetic ____.

Answer 13

Activates; Inhibits