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Re > J3 - festivals and holy sites > Flashcards

J3 - festivals and holy sites Flashcards

1
Q

is Shabbat is festival

A

no

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2
Q

define Shabbat

A

Jewish day of rest which symbolises God’s rest on the 7th day

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3
Q

when does Shabbat start and end

A

-Friday sunset
-Saturday sunset

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4
Q

where is Shabbat specifically commended

A

-Shabbat is the only Holy day commanded in the Decalogue

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5
Q

verse to show importance of Shabbat

A
  • Exodus 20: 8-11
    -“Remember the Shabbat day by keeping it Holy. 6 days you shall labor and do all your work, but the 7th day is Shabbat to the Lord your God. … Therefore the Lord blessed the Shabbat day and made it holy”
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6
Q

verses to show importance of Shabbat

A

-Genesis 2: 1-3
-Exodus 20: 8-11

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7
Q

verse to show importance of Shabbat

A

-Genesis 2:1-3
-“By the 7th day, God had God had finished the work he had been doing ; so on the 7th day he rested rom all his work

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8
Q

when are Shabbat services at Synagogue usually at

A

Saturday morning

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9
Q

when is Shabbat at home usually at

A

Friday evening

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10
Q

is cleaning the house and preparing food considered working

A

yes

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11
Q

is using or switching on electrical devices considered work

A

yes

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12
Q

prep for before Shabbat

A

-house is cleaned and food is prepared
-prepare beforehand not to use or switch on electrical devices
-attend service in synagogue before Shabbat starts

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13
Q

how many mins before Shabbat starts is the candle lit

A

18 mins

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14
Q

who lights the candle on Shabbat and why

A

-usually mother
-to welcome Shabbat

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15
Q

What does the mother do on Shabbat

A

-light candle 18 mins before Shabbat - welcome Shabbat
-says blessing
-prays to God to bless her fam during Shabbat

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16
Q

what blessing does the mother say on Shabbat

A

-“Blessed are You, Lord, our God, King of the universe, who sanctifies us with His commandments and commands us to light the candles of Shabbat”

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17
Q

define Shabbat blessing and what is it done over

A

Kiddush is done over wine

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18
Q

What does the father do on Shabbat

A

-Blesses children and recites Kiddush over wine

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19
Q

why do Jews wash their hands before the meal on Shabbat

A

it’s a sign of purification

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20
Q

who uncovers the challah bread on Shabbat

A

head of household

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21
Q

what happens to the Challah bread on Shabbat

A

-cut by head of household
-dipped in salt
-passed to everyone

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22
Q

what happens after each course of meal on Shabbat

A

-scriptures and stories are told to children
-hymns sung

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23
Q

what happens at the end of the Shabbat meal

A

-prayer of thanks

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24
Q

what happens during the Friday meal on Shabbat

A

-mothers roles
-father roles
-head of household role
-scriptures, stories told to children and hymns sung
-prayer of thanks at end

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25
Q

define Kabbalat Shabbat mean

A

Welcoming of Shabbat

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26
Q

what are the 4 usually Synagogue services on Shabbat

A

-Shacharit
-Musaf
-Mincha
-Ma’ariv

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27
Q

how are the Synagogue services on Shabbat done

A

-without intersession
-procession of Sefer Torah
-sermon from Rabbi

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28
Q

what do Jews also do on Synagogue services on Shabbat

A

-help children learn about Torah or Judaism

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29
Q

6 actions done in Synagogue services on Shabbat in order

A

-Congregation stand when the Ark is opened to reveal the Torah scrolls
-Torah is taken from Ark and dressed
-Torah is held in front of congregation while verses are chanted
-it is paraded round the synagogue
-Touch Torah with prayer books or tassels and lips when it it passes through the synagogue
-after reading is finished to be put into Ark
-Rabbit gives sermon

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30
Q

significance of -Congregation stand when the Ark is opened to reveal the Torah scrolls

A

-reminder of how Jews stood at the bottom of Mount Sinai when Moses got Decalogue

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31
Q

significance of -Torah is taken from Ark and dressed with a cover and various other ornaments such as a crown and a belt

A

reminder of Vestments priests used to wear in early Judaism

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32
Q

significance of -Torah is held in front of congregation while verses are chanted; it is them paraded round the synagogue

A

-represents original march through the wilderness when Hebrews carried the original Ark from Mount Sinai to Jerusalem

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33
Q

verses which show significance of -Touch Torah with prayer books or tassels and lips when it it passes through the synagogue

A

-Ezekiel 3:3 which tells that God’s words should be on their lips

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34
Q

define vestments

A

robes

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35
Q

why are shabbat ritual important at home

A

-lighting candles - welcomes Shabbat
-wash hands - purifying self
-foods have significance
-family is important - do Shabbat tgt

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36
Q

why are shabbat ritual important at Synoagogue

A

-read Torah - reflect to what God did in Exodus
-whole congregation makes effort to worship God
-Worshiping God is important - so have to go Synagogue

37
Q

define Rosh Hashanah

A

-Jewish new year, a day of repentance and means “head of the year”
-time to reflect on last year and make amends with people & God

38
Q

how many days btw Rosh Hashanah & Yom Kippur & do what btw that time

A

10, apologise to those they have wronged & forgiving is until Yom Kippur

39
Q

rituals of Rosh Hashanah

A

-Shacharit & Musaf services in Synagogue
-Amidah service is longer
-Shofar is blown - 100 - & prayers are said at Musaf
-Read story of Abraham & Isaac
-Teshuvah - important to say sorry to God
-Tashlich

40
Q

orthodox views on shofar

A

-actual shofar must be blown, not recording

41
Q

verse to show importance of Shofar

A

-Numbers 29:1
-“And in the 7th month, on the 1st day of the month, ye shall have a holy convocation; ye shall do no manner of service work; it is a day of blowing the horn unto you”

42
Q

define Teshuvah

A

-time for repentance during Rosh Hashanah

43
Q

Define Tashlich

A

-ritual where pebbles/ bread are thrown in rivers and symbolizes casting off their sins

44
Q

verse to show Tashlich

A

-Micah 7:19
-“He will again have compassion upon us; he will subdue our iniquities; And Thou wilt cast all their sins into the depths of the sea.

45
Q

significance of sweet foods during Rosh Hashanah

A

-hoping God blesses them with a sweeet new year

46
Q

traditional foods in Rosh Hashanah & their symbolism

A

-apples dipped in honey
-pomegranate = gratefulness for being alive & able to food the world has to offer
-Challah = continuity
-Honey cake = desire for sweet next year
-Fish = fertility & abundance
-Dates = ending prejudice, Torah refers to Israel as “land flowing with milk and honey” means date honey

47
Q

verse to show significance of dates

A

-Exodus 3:8
-“land flowing with milk and honey” means date honey

48
Q

define Yom Kippur

A

-a Jewish festival to ask God for forgiveness & means “Day of Atonement”
-Holiest day

49
Q

what do Jews do before Yom Kippur

A

-say sorry to people they hurt so God can forgive them

50
Q

What happens in Synogogue during Yom Kippur

A

-5 service prayers that focus on confession & forgiveness
-Congregation stands during Ne’ilah & Ark is open throughout = God’s mercy is opening
-final chances to confess their sins before Ark is closed = represent sealing God’s judgement
-At end of the day, Shofar is blown to show end of Yom Kippur & fast

51
Q

Rules in Yom Kippur

A

-no work
-fast 25h unless ill, pregnant, breastfeeding & elderly
-no wearing leather shoes
no washing
-no makeup/ perfume/ lotion
-wear white = symbollize purity

52
Q

which prayer is said at Yom Kippur

A

-Kol Nidre is as solemn prayer & sung 3 times

53
Q

verse to show why jews fast on Yom Kippur

A

-Numbers 29:7
-“afflict the soul”

54
Q

why is there rules for Yom Kippur

A

-from Biblical rules for Days of fasting & repentance

55
Q

why no work on Yom Kippur

A

-book of Leviticus commands

56
Q

significance of Yom Kippur

A

-denying material things shows focus on spiritual needs
-restoring relationship with God

57
Q

define Pesach

A

-Hebrew for the feast of “Passover” & is 8 day long
-celebrated annually

58
Q

Exodus story

A

-Moses’ life
-at last plague:
-the “Angel of Death” would Passover & those who had blood of sacrificed lamb on their doorsteps- their first born son were safe

59
Q

10 plagues

A

-River NIle turned into blood
-Frogs
-Gnats
-flies
-livestock died
-Egyptians & livestock had boils on them
-Hail destroyed everything
-locusts
-darkness
-first born sons

60
Q

importance of Pesach

A

celebrates:
-Start of the Jewish nation.
-Freedom from slavery.
-Entering the Promised Land of Canaan.
-Jews receiving the law that made them God’s people.
-The times when God remembered and protected them.

61
Q

focus during Pesach

A

-remember their past
-hopeful like the Israelites
-holding a strong faith
-teach children about Pesach
-car of each other like the Israelites did

62
Q

preparation for Pesach

A

-donate
-clean house = no leaven
-Bedikat Chametz
-Pesach Prayers in morning
-First born son goes to study section on Talmud by Rabbi at Synagogue
-special kitchen tools
-new clothes

63
Q

define Bedikat Chametz

A

-tradition where hidden bread is found by children & burnt on Pesach
-burning bread = no leaven bread

64
Q

define Sedar Meal

A

-first meal Jews have on Pesach
-the Haggadah is read
-drink 4 cups of wine = 4 languages of redemption in Exodus 6: 6-7
-slipt 10 droplets of wine = 10 plagues
-eat food according to Exodus Story
-contains hymns, readings & prayer

65
Q

define Haggadah

A

prayer book including the Exodus Story read during the Sedar meal

66
Q

verse showing why to drink 4 cups of wine on Pesach

A

-Exodus 6: 6-7

67
Q

food on Sedar plate & symbolism

A

-Zeroah = sacrificed lamb on Passover, thank God for letting their children live
-Matzah = no time for the bread to rise when the Israelites brought them during the escape from Egypt
-Beitzah = circle of life, new soul after the escape
-Maror = bitter times during slavery
-Charoset = mortar used to make bricks
-Karpas = new life after escape - renewal
-Salt water = tears of Israelites

68
Q

define Sukkot

A

The feast of tabernacles & means tents

69
Q

define Shavuot

A

Festival of weeks, originally a wheat harvest festival but
now more focused on the delivery of the Torah to Israel.

70
Q

verse for Sukkot

A

-Leviticus 23: 42-43
-“Ye shall dwell ins booths seven days; all that are home-born in Israel shall ddwell in booths; that your generations may know that I made the Children of Israel to dwell in booths, when i brought them out the land of Egypt: I am the LORD, your God”

71
Q

why is Sukkot a pilgrimage festival

A

during temple times, jews traveled to Jerusalem to celebrate it

72
Q

what does Torah command on Sukkot

A

-build shelters & live in them for 7 days

73
Q

how do orthodox jews interoperate the torah on Sukkot

A

-men should sleep & eat in the shelters

74
Q

significance of Sukkot

A

-remember how the Israelites lives in shelters after exodus

75
Q

how is the sukkah made

A

-sides are made from wood
-roof made out of branches
-spices be waved at Sukkah
-4 spices inside

76
Q

4 spices in a sukkah

A

-Etrog = citrus fruit
-Lulav = ripe closed fond from a date palm
-Hadass = myrtle boughs with leaves
-Aravah = willow branches with leaves

77
Q

define sukkah

A

shelter made during sukkot

78
Q

define Hoshana

A

-7th day of Sukkot & means “Great Supplication”
-involves special Synagogue services

79
Q

mitzvah for Shavuot

A

-no work

80
Q

define mingagim

A

-customs on Shavuot:
-eat dairy
-read Book of Ruth
-decorated home & Synagogue with greenery
-study torah all night

81
Q

define Simchat Torah

A

-festival a day after Sukkot & means “rejoicing the Torah”

82
Q

significance of Simchat Torah

A

-shows importance & ambition of jews to understand God’s words better

83
Q

practices for Simchat Torah

A

-Torah scrolls are removed from Ark & paraded around 7 times
-children wave flags during procession
-singing, dancing & sweets to children
-joyful nature = joy of Israelites when they God’s words were given to them

84
Q

define Yad vashem

A

-official Holocaust remembrance centre in Jerusalem

85
Q

significance of Yad Vashem

A

-commemorates Jews who died in the Holocaust
-teaches future generation about Holocaust
-honors those who died

86
Q

why may Yad Vashem be challenging to visit

A

-details abt killing are too gruesome
-uncomfortable talking abt violent topics
-far to visit

86
Q

define Ha-Kotel Ha-Ma’aravi (wailing wall)

A

-Western Wall
-place of prayer & pilgrimage in Jerusalem
-only wall of Temple Mount left

87
Q

who destroyed the temple in Jerusalem

A

1 - Babylonians
2 - Romans

88
Q

significance of the Temple in Jerusalem

A

-devotion started very early & affirms that the divine presence never leaves the Western Wall
-lament destruction of the Temple so lips of paper with wishes & prayers are placed in cracks of Western wall
-holy site & where God’s presence dwelled

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