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free guide to amazing grade > Italy Booklet 3 > Flashcards

Italy Booklet 3 Flashcards

1
Q

By 1857, how much has National Society membership grown to?

A

8000

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2
Q

When was the pact of plombieres?

A

July 1858

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3
Q

What was the Pact of Plombieres?

A

A secret meeting between Cavour and Napoleon whereby plans were drawn up for French military intervention to expel Austria from Lombardy and Venetia

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4
Q

What were some of the terms of the Pact of Plombieres?

A

Austria would have to be seen as the aggressors who provoked the war
France would get Nice and Savoy in return for 200,000 soldiers
A kingdom of Upper Italy would be created
A kingdom of Central Italy would be created

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5
Q

How many soldiers did Piedmont have to produce to prepare for war in 1859?

A

100,000

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6
Q

How many soldiers did Piedmont have prepared for the war in 1859?

A

20,000 untrained volunteers and 60,000 Piedmontese Soldiers

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7
Q

How many days did it take Austria to mobilise for the war?

A

10 days

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8
Q

How many troops did Austria have for the war?

A

90,000

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9
Q

What happened at the battle of Magenta?

A

14,000 Austrians supported by 40 guns attacked 10,700 Piedmont/French with 18 guns, but they were thrown back with heavy casualties, Napoleon took 30,000 troops across the Ticino, the brunt of this fighting was done by 5,000 French Imperial Grenadiers

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10
Q

What happened at the battle of Solferino?

A

The French/Piedmont had an army of 137,000 took 17,000 casualties
The Austrians had an army of 128,000 took 21,000 casualties
This battle forced them to sign an armistice

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11
Q

What forced Napoleon to sue for peace?

A

The new and accurate weaponry leading to higher casualty rates
There was 1 doctor for every 500 soldiers on the Allied side
Austria had retreated to the Quadrilaterals

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12
Q

What was the proposed peace at Villafranca, July 1859?

A

Austria gave Lombardy to France, who could then choose to give it to Piedmont, but they refused to give up Venetia
France wouldn’t take Nice and Savoy as the terms of Plombieres weren’t fully filled

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13
Q

What was the Treaty of Zurich?

A

It formally ended the war and reinstated peace between France, Piedmont and Austria

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14
Q

Which countries united to form Emilia?

A

Parma, Romagna and Modena

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15
Q

What was the result of the plebiscites for Emilia to be annexed by Piedmont?

A

426,000 for annexation
1,506 against annexation

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16
Q

What were the results of the plebiscites for Tuscany to be annexed by Piedmont?

A

366,571 for annexation
14,925 against annexation
153,000 abstained

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17
Q

What were the results of the plebiscites for Savoy to be annexed by France?

A

130,583 for annexation
285 against annexation

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18
Q

What were the results of the plebiscites for Nice to be annexed by France?

A

24,448 for annexation
160 against annexation

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19
Q

What was the Orsini bomb plot?

A

A plan to throw a bomb at Napoleon and kill him by a guy called Orsini

20
Q

When was the Plombieres agreement?

A

July 1858

21
Q

When was the treaty of Villafranca?

A

July 1859

22
Q

When was the treaty of Zurich?

A

November 1859

23
Q

When was the treaty of Turin?

A

March 1860

24
Q

Who did Garibaldi meet in 1831?

A

Mazzini

25
Q

Which war did Garibaldi learn his guerilla tactics in?

A

Uruguay vs Argentina

26
Q

What did Garibaldi do in the Roman Republic?

A

Helped to defend it from the French attackers

27
Q

How many men did Garibaldi do his “March to the coast” with?

A

5000 men

28
Q

How long was the march to the coast?

A

800km

29
Q

How many men were left after the 800km march?

A

1500 men

30
Q

What did Garibaldi do to support the Piedmontese king?

A

Train and recruit volunteers for the army

31
Q

How many men was Garibaldi given control over in the 1859 war?

A

3,000 men

32
Q

Which river was Garibaldi tasked with crossing?

A

Ticino river

33
Q

How far did Garibaldi push back the Austrians?

A

All the way back to the quadrilateral fortresses

34
Q

How did Piedmont “betray” Garibaldi?

A

They gave his birthplace, Nice to France

35
Q

How many volunteers did Garibaldi set sail with in May, 1860?

A

1200

36
Q

How did the British help Garibaldi?

A

Helped him crossed the Messina straits
Prevented Sicilian ships from firing in fear that they’d hit the British ships

37
Q

How many men did Garibaldi defeat in Sicily when he was severely outnumbered?

A

20,000 men, mainly due to help from marauding peasant, bandits and the local mafia

38
Q

What did Garibaldi do after appointing himself dictator of Sicily?

A

Abolished milling tax, promised land redistribution

39
Q

What did Cavour do to try and catch Garibaldi?

A

Send ships to arrest him at Calabria, but he was too quick and had already crossed the straits

40
Q

How many men did Garibaldi’s army grow to?

A

60,000 strong, many of whom were Mazzian and opposed to the Catholic church

41
Q

What did Cavour want to prevent Garibaldi doing?

A

Attacking Rome

42
Q

When did Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel meet?

A

26th October 1860

43
Q

What was agreed at Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel’s meeting?

A

Garibaldi would hand over the South to Italy

44
Q

Where did Garibaldi and Victor Emmanuel meet?

A

Teano

45
Q

What was Garibaldi offered as a thanks for his work?

A

The title of major general, a large pension and even a castle, but he refused them all

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