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wset 3 > Italy > Flashcards

Italy Flashcards

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1
Q

What are italy’s wine laws?

A

PDO :
DOP
DOC - geographical boundaries/production methods
DOCG - bottled in area of production

PGI:
IGP
IGT

classico - classified land
Riserva - ageging and alcohol

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2
Q

what is the overall climate of northern Italy and cooling influences?

A

located in the foothills of the alps and the river po - the mountains shelter from rain

moderate climate with dry short summers

lake po and lake garda provide moderating influence to inland areas

close to the sea - fungal disease can be an issue due to rain

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3
Q

how are vines trained in northern italy

A

traditionally Pergola, now more commonly VSP

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4
Q

where are vines planted in Alto adage?

A

south east and south west facing valley sides

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5
Q

what is the style of pinot grigio in Alto Adige?

A

dry, light to medium body, high acidity, citrus and green fruit flavours

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6
Q

where are vines planted in Trentino? and how do they differ from location?

A

valley floors and slopes

valley floor wines are medium bodied with medium acidity, and ripe stone fruit flavours

higher altitudes are more citrusy

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7
Q

2 most planted black grapes in trentino?

A

merlot and teroldego

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8
Q

what is the climate of Friuli Venezia Giulia

A

moderate and continental cooled by mountain air

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9
Q

where are the richest pinot grigios in italy coming from?

A

Friuli Venezia- juicy peach and tropical

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10
Q

what are the labels in Friuli Venezia

A

Friuli Grave - plains (simple white)

Colio DOC/Colli Orientali DOC - hills ( concentrated whites and reds )

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11
Q

what is the climate and cooling influences of Veneto

A

warm with moderate rainfall

cooling from altitude with a large diurnal range from lake guarda

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12
Q

a wine labeled Veneto IGT will be ?

A

simple and fruity

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13
Q

In Soave there are 2 distinct parts, the foothills to the north and flat plain to the south describe the soils here and the effects on the wine

A

foothills are made up of limestone and clay soils with some volcanic rock, soils are naturally cool combined with altitude this slows down ripening leading to higher acidity and full flavour

the vines on the plain are planted in sandy soils that aid ripening - the grapes are fruitier with medium acidity

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14
Q

what is the main grape of soave?

A

Gargangea, but other whites can be added to the blend

displaying pear, apple, stone fruit and white pepper - can age into almonds and honey

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15
Q

what are the labels in Soave?

A

Soave DOC - entire region

Soave Classico - foothills

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16
Q

What is the topography of Valpolicela similar to?

A

Soave

clay and limestone in foothills

sand in plains

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17
Q

what is the main grape and labeling terms of Valpolicela

A

Corvina - thin skin, low to medium tannin, high acidity

Valpolicela DOC - entire region
Valpolicela Classico DOC - foothills

simple and fruity with light tannins and red fruit, unoaked

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18
Q

Describe the Passito and Ripasso Methods

A

Passito - used in veneto to increase structure and flavour, grapes are picked early when high in acidity and dried indoors, concentrating sugar and flavour, fermented in winter,

Ripasso - uses grape skins from a fermenting amarone della valpolicela, before fermentation is is finished the armone is drained off the skins, the skins remain unpressed and added to a vat of valpolicella that is finished fermenting, yeast ferments further giving more colour and tannin

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19
Q

what are the 2 types of Passito methods Valpolicella

A

Armone della Valpolicella DOCG- dry or off dry, full body, high alc, high tannin, red spice and berry

Recioto della valpolicella DOCG - grapes are so sweet the fermentation stops naturally- sweet intense red fruit high alc, full body , high tannin

Soave also makes Recioto di Soave DOCG

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20
Q

describe a Valpolicella Ripasso DOC

A

Med- full body, med - high tannins, stewed red cherries and plums

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21
Q

what is the climate of piemonte?

A

moderate and continental, long cold winters and risk of hail and fog in summer

moderated by po river and lake maggiore

altitude aspect

22
Q

All wines of Piemonte achieve DOC and DOCG - what are the most prestigious?

A

barolo

barbaresco

23
Q

describe a Barolo DOCG and the region

A

300-500 m slopes
100% nebiolo
high tannin and acidity, full body, cherries,!herbs, dried flowers

24
Q

describe the labeling of Barolo?

A

a village name may appear on the label if they are sourced purely from that village

the best are from vineyards or crus

if it is not nebbiolo it will be labeled alba DOC

25
Q

explain the differences between barolo and barbaresco?

A

barolo has hugger altitudes and ageing requirements of 3 years 18 mo in oak

barbaresco has lower altitude - grapes ripen earlier and is fruited and les perfumed with aging requirements of 2 years and 9 mo in oak

26
Q

what are the 2 most planted grapes in in Asti and Alba

A

Barbera - barbera d asti - low to medium tannin high acidity, red fruit

Dolcetto - dolcetto d alba - early ripening so can be planted in cooler sites - deep purple med - high tannin, med acidity, black plum,, herbs

27
Q

what is the grape grown and the growing influences in gavi

A

cortese - high acidity and floral, citrus and green fruit

grown in hills where altitude and sea breezes result in long and slow ripening

mostly in stainless steel some use old oak and lee’s stirring for texture and complexity

28
Q

what is the general climate of southern italy

A

grapes are planted in the hills and valleys of the apennine mountains that provide a moderating influence on the hot climate

29
Q

the 3 para of tuscany are?

A

mountainious north - chianti
hills and valleys of - southern tuscany
flat coastal plain - the coast

30
Q

what is the grape of tuscany?

A

Sangiovese - red fruit, dried herbs, oaked to soften tannins

31
Q

explain the labeling in Chinati?

A

7 sub zones

large volume will source grapes from the greater region and use Chianti DOCG

a particular sub zone could be - Chianti Rufina and Chianti Colli Sensi

Chianti Classico is it’s own DOCG

32
Q

what are the aging requirements for Chianti Classico and Chianti Classico Gran Riserva?

A

Classico - 12 months ageing
Gran Riserva - 24 months, 3 in bottle

note ; the highest designation for chianti classico is Gran Selezione - must be sourced from single estate + extra 6 months ageing

33
Q

Brunello di Montalcino and Vino Nobile di Montepulciano are the best known appellations of?

what are the differences between them?

A

Southern tuscany

Brunello - entirely sangiovese, and 5 years of ageing 2 in oak

Vino Nobile - blend and 2 years ageing

34
Q

Rosso DOCs are an indication of?

A

a declassified DOCG from southern tuscany

35
Q

the coastal region of tuscany birthed?

A

the super tuscan - a cabernet sauvignon at a premium price

Toscana IGT and Bolgheri DOC allow wines to be made entirely from french varieties

36
Q

what is Umbria’s white wine?

A

Orvieto DOC, a blend of Grechetto and Trebbiano

light in body, med-high acidity, grapefruit and peaches

made protectively and in stainless steel

37
Q

What is Lazios grape and growing conditions?

A

cooling effects from altitude and small lakes

Frascati DOC
a blend of Malvasia and Trebbiano
fresh unoaked medium body with medium to high acidity - citrus and floral

38
Q

grape of Marche?

A

Verdicchio
Verdicchio die Castelli Di Jesi DOC - natural to high acidity with green apple lemon and fennel

can develop in bottle

39
Q

Conero DOCG is?

A

blend of Montepulciano and Sangiovese in Marche

40
Q

Describe a montepulciano d abruzzo

A

high colour and tannin, medium acidity, black plum and cherry

41
Q

what is the climate of southern italy?

A

hot and dry inland, humid near the coast, vineyards on slopes, and sea breezes cool near the pulgian peninsula.

42
Q

how are vines trained in souther italy?

A

traditionally bush trained but now cordon training and trellising

43
Q

what are the best whites in Campania?

A

Fiano and Greco

Fiano di Avellino DOCG
Greco di Tufo DOCG

Fiano is medium acidity, medium to full body stone fruit melons and mango, oak can provide wax and honey

Greco has more acidity and is leaner producing wines with stone fruit and apple oak and lee’s stirring can enhance the wines and can age

44
Q

what is the most prestigious black grape in campania?

A

aglianico - deep colour, high acidity, black fruit, bottle ages develops earth and forest floor

at its best in Taurasi DOCG

45
Q

what is the grape and topography of Basilicata?

A

900 m altitude vineyards

Aglianico del Vulture

46
Q

Pulla IGT is producing?

A

high yield simple fruity primitivo and negromaro

47
Q

controlled yield of Negromaro from Salice Salentino DOC in Pulgia produces?

A

high quality and full body wines with medium tannin and acidity high alcohol and baked fruit

48
Q

describe Sicilia DOC

A

nero d avola,

medium to full body, medium acidity, low tannins, plum and black cherry, fruity early drinking style

49
Q

what does Sicily do to slow down oxidation?

A

picks grapes in the cool night

50
Q

what are the international variety’s in sicily?

A

chardonnay and syrah

51
Q

Etna DOC produces some of the best wines in sicily.. describe them

A

old low yielding vines grown at high altitudes, reds are blends of nerello mascalese and nerello cappuccio to create fragrant wines with high acid and tannin, red fruit and dry herbs

52
Q

a high quality white wine from sicily may be?

A

full body, high acidity, citrus, stone and steel

wset 3 (24 decks)

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