Chile Flashcards

1
Q

what are 4 geographical features of chile

A

west - pacific ocean
inland - coastal mountains
east - andes
south - large depression (central valley)

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2
Q

what is the general climate in chile?

A

warm mediterranean with a dry sunny growing season

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3
Q

what are some challenges growers face?

A

shortfall of rainwater and short supply for irrigation

el niño and la niña

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4
Q

what is el niño VS la niña

A

el niño - excess rainfall

la niña - drought

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5
Q

what are some moderating factors of chile?

A

the cold humboldt current blowing cold air from antarctica along the coast

cold overnight air effect from andes at the foothills

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6
Q

areas very close to the river in the valleys inland experience fog from?

A

humboldt current

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7
Q

why is the area between the mountain ranges easier to cultivate?

A

the land is more sheltered and flat

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8
Q

what is Chiles GI system and what are the 4 principal regions?

A

DO - demoninaciones de origen

coquimbo
aconcugua
central valley
southern region

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9
Q

in the GI scheme how is it divided?

A

DO
REGION
SUBREGION
ZONE

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10
Q

what is the classification system that was introduced to Chile in 2012 and what are the terms?

A

categorizes sites based on their latitude

Costa - coastal areas
Enter Cordilleras - between mountains
Andes - mountain areas

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11
Q

why do the terms Entre Cordillers and Andes differ from Costa

A

they are complimentary terms that can be added by choice in addition to DO

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12
Q

Other labeling terms in Chile that can communicate quality?

A

riserva
riserva especial
riserva privado
gran riserva

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13
Q

what is the most planted grap variety in chile?

A

Cab Sauv

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14
Q

what are the 2 styles of merlot being made in Chile?

A

inexpensive fruity

fuller and more complex

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15
Q

which black variety is late ripening and found in the warmest sites of Chile often expressing full body and high tannin

A

carmenere

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16
Q

how does syrah vary from cooler to warmer sites in Chile?

A

cooler - leaner and more peppery

hotter - greater intensity of black fruit and body

17
Q

which grape is showing promise in san antonia and casablanca valleys?

A

pinot noir

18
Q

what are the 2 most dominant white varieties in chile?

A

chardonnay and sauvignon blanc

19
Q

an excellent quality sauvignon blanc from casablanca or dan antonio would produce flavour of?

A

high acidity, ripe apple, citrus, tropical fruit sometimes herbaceous

some exaples use lee stirring and oak for richness and texture

20
Q

what are the smaller plantings of white varieties?

A

muscat of alexandria
viogner
riesling
gewurtztraminer

21
Q

what are the 3 subregions of coquimbo?

A

Elqui
Limari
Choapa

22
Q

what is the biggest challenge growers face in coquimbo?

A

lack of water for irrigation - expensive

23
Q

what does Elqui valley hold a reputation for?

A

syrah and sauvignon blanc

24
Q

where is producing some of Chiles best chardonnay’s?

A

Limari valley

25
what are the sub regions and one zone of Aconcagua?
aconcugua valley casablanca san antonio - leyda valley
26
where is some of the warmest growing conditions in Chile?
the valley floor between the costal and andes mountains in aconcugua
27
which warm valley traditionally provided rich ripe red fruit high alc tannic cabs, syrahs, and carmenere?
Aconcugua Valley
28
what are wine makers doing to the reds in aconcugua valley?
reducing alcohol finding more freshness and complex flavour - spreading plantings onto the slopes or towards the coast
29
what makes casablanca and san antonio valleys cooler?
the proximity to the pacific ocean and coastal mountains providing morning fishing and afternoon wind
30
which regions produce high quality sauvignon blanc and chardonnay
Casablanca and San antonio valley particularly leyda valley
31
which black grapes are being grown with success in Casablanca and San antonio? name a characteristic of each
pinot noir - herbaceous red fruit syrah - structured
32
what are the 4 subregions of centra valley?
Maipo Rappel Curico Cachapoal
33
what are the 2 sub regions of Rappel and how do they differ?
Cacapoal - warm Colchauga - larger with more ocean influences with plantings on slopes and some high quality wines from cooler sites both growing Syrah Carmenere and Cab Sauv
34
describe the growing conditions of Maipo Valley
surrounded by mountains, little coastal influence premium sites are located in the foothills cooled by the descending air leading to elegance and structure
35
A region producing a minty cab sauv?
Maipo
36
in colchuaga it becomes cooler the further west you go, what is being produced here?
high quality whites
37
what are the Curico and Maule Valley sub regions known for producing and how do the vineyards differ?
inexpensive fruit for red and white blends Maule is cooler and retains higher acidity, helpful for blending
38
Carignan from ancient low yielding bush vines that are producing intensely concentrated wine are in?
Curico Valley
39
Bio Bio, Itata and Malleco and cooler and wetter and have significant plantings of pais and muscat mostly being consumed locally but there is some promise for which grapes?
Pinot noir chardonnay and aromatic varieties