Islam- Beliefs And Teachings p97-124 Flashcards
What are the main denominations of Islam?
Sunni and Shi’a
Why did the division between the 2 branches of Islam occur?
Because of the different beliefs about who should lead the Muslims after Muhammad died.
Shi’a Muslims believe that Muhammad appointed Ali as his successor.
Sunni Muslims believe yjay Abu Bakr Muhammad’s friend and father in law was the rightful successor
Who do Shi’a Muslims believe is the rightful successor
Ali
Who do Sunni Muslims believe is the rightful successor to Muhammad?
Abu Bakr
What are the 6 articles of faith in general
In SUNNI tradition.
The belief in these 6 articles is called Iman
These articles are believed to have been revealed by allah and are in the Qur’an
What are the 6 articles of faith
- Tawhid- oneness of allah
- Beliefs in angels of allah
- Beliefs in Books of Allah
- Belief about the messengers of allah ( the prophets)
5, akhirah ( afterlife)- this life is a test - Al-Qad’r ( predestination)
What Qur’an quotes enforce the belief in the 6 articles of faith?
“Righteous is he who believes in Allah and the Last Day and the Angels and the Scriptures and the Prophets “
What are the 5 roots of Usal ad-Din
In Shi’a tradition
Means five principles of faith
- Al tawhid - Belief in oneness of god.
- Al-Adl - belief in divine justice
3, Al-Nubuwwah - belief in prophethood - Al-Imamah- belief in Imams
- Al-Ma’ad - Belief in the day of resurrection
Who was the first caliph (Sunni)
Abu- Bakr
What is an imam (Sunni tradition)
An imam leads prayers in a mosque
What is an Imam (Shi’a tradition)
Imams are successors of Muhammad.
They are the direct descendants of prophet Muhammad and are infallible and inspired by allah.
The imams were appointed to preserve the religion after Muhammad’s death.
The Imamah is protected by Allah from committing sin in order to keep the religion true and pure
The role of the imams is to interpret the shariah law that was told to Muhammad by Allah
What is believed about the first 11 imams and the 12th imam
The first 11 imams were martyred.
The twelfth imam is believed to be waiting to reappear at gods appointed time.
Shi’as believe the twelfth imam is still a living human but no one can meet him. He chooses to meet certain people.
God will send him back as the messiah.
What is believed about the signs that precede the coming of the 12th imam
The second coming of Jesus
The imam will appear in Makkah at the Kaaba
Muslim beliefs about the nature of Allah
He is INFINITE- he is without beginning or end. He was not created and cannot be destroyed.
he is OMNIPOTENT AND OMNISCIENT- Allah created the whole universe controls everything in it. He sees all creation
He is MERCIFUL AND BENEVOLENT- He helps humans by sending messengers in the form of the prophets
He is TRANSCENDENT and IMMANENT- He is beyond human understanding but he is involved into their lives.
He is FAIR AND JUST - Om the day of judgement allah will judge their actions and reward or punish them
What is prophethood
The means of communication between Allah and humans
A prophet is a messenger chosen by Allah to to train people to follow him.
The Quran and prophets:
The last and most important book of Allahs Guidance is the Quran which was revealed through the prophet Muhammad.
The Quran is clear that messengers and prophets have been sent to every nation at various times so that people can be brought back to follow allahs will.
Muslims believe that Muhammad was the final prophet as he is referred to in the Quran as the seal of the prophets
Who was the Tawrat (Torah ) revealed to
Moses
Who was the Zabur (psalms) of Dawud revealed to
David
Who was the Injil (Gospel) of Isa revealed to
Jesus
Who was the Suhuf Ibrahim (scrolls of Abraham) revealed to
Abraham
Who is Adam
‘Adam’ means man
Was the first man created by Allah and the FIRST PROPHET.
Created in the image of Allah
Adam was created using dust off the ground and water. Allah gave Adam knowledge of the world and the ability to make choices. He tested adams knowledge and the angels bowed in respect to him (except Iblis/Satan).
Hawwa (eve)
All humans are descended from Adam and hawwa
Who is Ibrahim
Described as a man of truth in the Quran. He believed in one true god. He was born into a polytheistic family but even as a young boy, he realised these idols weren’t worthy of worship.
On the command of Allah, Ibrahim and his wife Sarah travelled to Egypt. He had his first son Isma’il with his second wide Hajar and then another son Ishaq with his wife Sarah.
He was tested by God by telling him to sacrifice Ismail. He was prepared to follow allahs command but a ram was sacraficed instead
Who is Isma’il
The son of Ibrahim.
Allah required Ibrahim to leave his son with Hajar at the place where the Kaaba now stands. Isma’il kicked the ground and water began to come up from the ground.
Who is musa
Musa lead the Israelites under Allahs guidance. Allah revealed the tawrat to musa and gave him the 10 commandments
