IQ Flashcards
1
Q
Spearman proposed that all mental tasks require 2 types of abilities, a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ability, or "g factor," and a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ ability, or "s factor;" the former is common to all intellectual tasks, while the latter applies to particular tasks.
A
General;
specific
2
Q
Thurstone, who developed the method of factor analysis, believed that intelligence was made up of a group of independent factors, which he called Primary Mental Abilities. Identify the 4 Primary Mental Abilities he postulated.
A
- Word fluency; 2.
Memory; 3. Spatial
relationships; 4.
Reasoning
3
Q
According to Guilford, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ thinking refers to one's ability to generate creative and new ideas by exploring numerous solutions, while \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ thinking refers to one's ability to synthesize information into a unifying concept in order to solve a problem (e.g., multiple-choice tests, arithmetic).
A
Divergent;
convergent
4
Q
Cattell referred to a person’s capacity to draw
inferences, find meaning in confusion, solve new
problems, and understand complex relationships
as ________ intelligence, which is independent
of culture and training; ________ intelligence
refers to a person’s ability to use skills,
knowledge, and experience and is almost
entirely contingent on cultural and educational
experience.
A
Fluid (impacted most by age and brain damage); crystallized (remains stable with age)
5
Q
What are the 8 "multiple intelligences" proposed by Gardner?
A
Linguistic, bodily-kinesthetic, logical-mathematical, musical, spatial, interpersonal, intrapersonal, and naturalist
6
Q
Based on population parameters, what percentage of differences in IQ scores can be attributed to heredity (nature) compared to environment (nurture)?
A
50% to both, though this does not necessarily hold for a single person
7
Q
The majority of theorists today believe that intelligence develops primarily as a function of what?
A
Interaction between nature and nurture, as opposed to specifically one or the other
8
Q
TRUE or FALSE: Infant intelligence tests generally provide accurate predictions of future adult IQ.
A
FALSE: They are best at predicting future IQ for very low-scoring babies, hence they are used mostly to screen for delayed or abnormal development
9
Q
While similar in terms of general intelligence, what are some of the differences researchers have found between males and females regarding intelligence?
A
Females score higher on tests of verbal skills, males score higher on tests of spatial ability; on the SAT, boys score higher on math and verbal sections
10
Q
Zajonc's \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ model states that intellectual stimulation and other family resources available to each child declines as the number of children in a family increases, hence first-born children tend to have greater intellectual abilities than later-born children.
A
Confluence
11
Q
In their book "The Bell Curve," Hernstein and Murray take what position about differences in intelligence between Caucasians and African-Americans?
A
They are due mostly to innate, genetic differences (this idea was criticized for failing to consider environmental factors)
12
Q
TRUE or FALSE: African-American children adopted and raised by Caucasian parents with higher socioeconomic status and intelligence tended to have IQs similar to those of their adoptive parents?
A
TRUE: While their biological parents had average to below average intelligence, the children scored well above the mean for African-American children (supports nurture argument)
13
Q
Who is best known for adapting Binet and Simon's intelligence scales for American use, as well as his studies of gifted children?
A
L.
Terman
14
Q
This test of intelligence uses a hierarchical model of intelligence with a global "g" factor, routing subtests (Vocabulary and Object Series/Matrices), and subtests grouped into content areas (Fluid Reasoning, Knowledge, Quantitative Reasoning, Visual-Spatial Processing, and Working Memory); the difficulty of items are adjusted according to the functional level of the examinee.
A
Stanford-Binet,
Fifth Edition
(SB5)
15
Q
What is the difference between a "ratio IQ" (as used by early versions of the Stanford-Binet) and "deviation IQ?"
A
Ratio IQ compares mental age to chronological age, while deviation IQs are standardized and share the same mean and standard deviation across ages (permits comparison across age groups)
16
Q
What test is designed to assess the intelligence of children between the ages of 6 years and 16 years, providing 4 index scores (Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, Working Memory, Processing Speed), individual subtest scores, and a Full-Scale IQ?
A
Wechsler
Intelligence Scale
for Children, 4th
Edition (WISC-IV)
17
Q
This test might be used to measure the cognitive functioning of a child between the ages of 2 years, 6 months and 7 years, 3 months?
A
Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI)
18
Q
What WAIS-IV index is consists of the Similarities, Vocabulary, Information, and Comprehension subtests?
A
Verbal
Comprehension
Index (VCI)
19
Q
The \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ on the WAIS-IV is made up of the Arithmetic, Digit Span, and Letter-Number Sequencing subtests.
A
Working
Memory
Index (WMI)
20
Q
On the WAIS-IV, the Block Design, Matrix Reasoning, Visual Puzzles, Picture Completion, and Figure Weights subtests make up what index?
A
Perceptual
Reasoning
Index (PRI)
21
Q
This WAIS-IV index consists of the Symbol Search, Coding, and Cancellation subtests.
A
Processing
Speed
Index (PSI)
22
Q
Of the Verbal Comprehension subtests on the WAIS-IV, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ measures abstract verbal reasoning and verbal concept formation; \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ most accurately measures general intelligence; \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ measures long-term memory and crystallized intelligence acquired from cultural experience; and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ measures judgment, insight, and common sense.
A
Similarities;
Vocabulary;
Information;
Comprehension
23
Q
Of the Working Memory subtests on the WAIS-IV, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ measures reasoning ability, concentration, memory, and math abilities; \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ measures attention, concentration, short-term memory, and immediate auditory recall; and \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ measures attention and working memory.
A
Arithmetic; Digit
Span;
Letter-Number
Sequencing
24
Q
Of the Perceptual Reasoning subtests on the
WAIS-IV, ________ measures visual-motor
coordination, visual-spatial comprehension, and
nonverbal concept formation; ________
measures nonverbal reasoning and is one of the
best general intelligence measures among the
performance subtests; ________ measures
spatial reasoning skills; ________ measures
visual organization, long-term visual memory,
concentration, and reasoning; and ________
measures analogical and quantitative reasoning.
A
Block Design; Matrix Reasoning; Visual Puzzles; Picture Completion; Figure Weights
